Table 4 Association between characteristics of healthcare workers (HCW) and perceptions of the effectiveness of measures for improving adherence to hand hygiene^
From: Healthcare workers' and parents' perceptions of measures for improving adherence to hand-hygiene
Support of leaders and senior managers | Alcohol-based handrub availability | Hand-hygiene posters displayed | Hand-hygiene education/information | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. and % answers with score ≥ 6 | p-value | Adjusted p-value | No. and % answers with score ≥ 6 | p-value | Adjusted p-value | No. and % answers with score ≥ 6 | p-value | Adjusted p-value | No. and % answers with score ≥ 6 | p-value | Adjusted p-value | |
Gender | ||||||||||||
Male | 17 (58.6) | NS | NS | 27 (90.0) | NS | NS | 19 (63.3) | NS | NS | 22 (73.3) | NS | NS |
Female | 63 (63.0) | 82 (82.0) | 75 (75.8) | 79 (79.0) | ||||||||
Professional category | ||||||||||||
Physician | 24 (58.5) | NS | NS | 36 (87.8) | NS | NS | 26 (63.4) | NS | NS | 28 (68.3) | NS | NS |
Nurse | 55 (61.8) | 74 (82.2) | 70 (78.7) | 73 (81.1) | ||||||||
Years of practice | ||||||||||||
≤5 | 25 (43.9) | 0.000 | 0.001 | 44 (75.9) | 0.022 | 0.023 | 37 (63.8) | 0.016 | NS | 43 (74.1) | NS | NS |
>5 | 54 (74.0) | 66 (90.4) | 59 (81.9) | 60 (82.2) | ||||||||
Type of Unit | ||||||||||||
Medical/surgical | 68 (65.4) | NS | NS | 89 (84.8) | NS | NS | 79 (76.0) | NS | NS | 87 (82.9) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
ICU | 17 (51.5) | 28 (84.4) | 22 (66.7) | 20 (60.6) | ||||||||
Previous formal training | ||||||||||||
Yes | 50 (68.5) | NS | NS | 61 (82.4) | NS | NS | 61 (83.6) | 0.005 | 0.006 | 67 (90.5) | 0.000 | 0.006 |
No | 35 (54.7) | 56 (87.5) | 40 (62.5) | 40 (62.5) | ||||||||
Visibility of clear and simple instructions | Patients/parents invited to remind HCWs to perform hand hygiene | Feedback to HCWs on their hand hygiene performance | Being a good example for colleagues | |||||||||
No. and % answers with score ≥ 6 | p-value | Adjusted p-value | No. and % answers with score ≥ 6 | p-value | Adjusted p-value | No. and % answers with score ≥ 6 | p-value | Adjusted p-value | No. and % answers with score ≥ 6 | p-value | Adjusted p-value | |
Gender | ||||||||||||
Male | 21 (70.0) | NS | NS | 23 (76.7) | 0.049 | NS | 18 (64.3) | NS | NS | 18 (60.0) | NS | NS |
Female | 76 (76.0) | 58 (58.0) | 72 (72.7) | 43 (44.3) | ||||||||
Professional category | ||||||||||||
Physician | 28 (68.3) | NS | NS | 27 (65.9) | NS | NS | 26 (66.7) | NS | NS | 19 (46.3) | NS | NS |
Nurse | 72 (80.0) | 54 (60.0) | 65 (73.0) | 44 (50.0) | ||||||||
Years of practice | ||||||||||||
≤5 | 38 (65.5) | 0.015 | 0.016 | 31 (53.4) | NS | NS | 33 (57.9) | 0.003 | 0.004 | 27 (48.2) | NS | NS |
>5 | 61 (83.6) | 50 (68.5) | 58 (81.7) | 37 (50.7) | ||||||||
Type of Unit | ||||||||||||
Medical/surgical | 86 (81.9) | 0.006 | 0.001 | 63 (60.0) | NS | NS | 77 (74.8) | NS | NS | 53 (52.0) | NS | NS |
ICU | 19 (57.6) | 23 (69.7) | 19 (54.9) | 13 (39.4) | ||||||||
Previous formal training | ||||||||||||
Yes | 59 (79.7) | NS | NS | 48 (64.9) | NS | NS | 57 (79.2) | 0.022 | 0.041 | 33 (46.5) | NS | NS |
No | 46 (71.9) | 38 (59.4) | 39 (61.9) | 33 (51.6) | ||||||||