Lifecourse socioeconomic circumstances and multimorbidity among older adults

BMC Public Health

Table 1 Frequency distributions for childhood financial hardship (CFH) and chronic conditions and bivariate associations between demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and multimorbidity

			Childhood Financial Hardship		Number of Chronic Conditions (Multimorbidity)
	N	%	CFH = 0	CFH = 1	0	1	2	3	4 or more	P-VALUE
Total	7,305		5,946	1,359	2,193	2,524	1,580	730	278
Gender										p < .001
Female	3,916	53.61	3,244	672	1,238	1,382	769	374	153
Male	3,389	46.39	2,702	687	955	1,142	811	356	125
Race										p < .001
White	5,907	80.87	4,827	1,080	1,861	2,053	1,241	550	202
Non-white	1,397	19.13	1,118	279	331	471	339	180	76
Hispanic Ethnicity										p = .12
Hispanic	740	10.13	570	170	233	260	162	67	18
Non-Hispanic	6,565	89.87	5,376	1,189	1,960	2,264	1,418	663	260
Age
50-59	2,004	27.43	1,615	389	921	669	283	104	27	p < .001
60-69	3,218	44.05	2,661	557	866	1,169	707	338	138
≥ 70	2,083	28.51	1,670	413	406	686	590	288	113
Education										p < .001
Less than High School	1,705	23.34	1,285	420	367	537	435	238	128
High School/GED	2,410	32.99	2,007	403	700	850	537	245	78
Some College or more	3,190	43.67	2,654	536	1,126	1,137	608	247	72
Median AVGEARN_LIFETIME^†	$19,410		$19,488	$19,138
Inter-quartile Range AVGEARN_LIFETIME	$20,235

^† AVGEARN_LIFETIME = Average annual lifetime earnings (age 20-50) which are adjusted using the CPI-U to account for inflation

ISSN: 1471-2458