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Table 4 Univariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with faecal contamination

From: Male commuters in north and south England: risk factors for the presence of faecal bacteria on hands

Factor

Number contaminated (% contaminated)

OR

95% CI

Location

   
 

London

4 (5)

1 (ref)

-

 

Birmingham

4 (5.3)

1.1

0.3 - 4.4

 

Liverpool

7 (10.1)

2.1

0.6 - 7.7

 

Newcastle

16 (19.3)

4.5

1.4 - 14.2

Occupation

   
 

professional

7 (6.3)

1(ref)

-

 

manual

12 (9.2)

1.5

0.6 - 3.9

 

student

12 (27.9)

5.8

2.1 - 15.9

 

none

0 (0)

-

-

Age

   
 

16-25

17 (21.3)

1 (ref)

-

 

26-35

9 (10.3)

0.4

0.2 - 1.0

 

36-45

2 (3.3)

0.1

0 - 0.5

 

46 +

3 (4)

0.2

0 - 0.6

Hygiene score

   
 

0-4

11(21.6)

1 (ref)

-

 

5-7

14 (12.5)

0.5

0.2 - 1.2

 

8-10

5 (4.8)

0.2

0.1 - 0.6

 

11+

1 (2.5)

0.1

0.0 - 0.8

Number of hand shakes on day of recruitment

   
 

0

16 (9.6)

1 (ref)

-

 

1-3

7 (6.4)

0.6

0.3 - 1.6

 

4-6

3 (15.8)

1.9

0.6 - 6.2

 

7 +

4 (50)

9.4

2.2 - 41.4

Soil contact

   
 

No

24 (8.5)

1 (ref)

-

 

Yes

7 (25)

3.6

1.4 - 9.2

Contact with children

   
 

No

27(10)

1 (ref)

 
 

Yes

4 (9)

0.8

0.3 - 2.4

Pet ownership

   
 

No

2 (10)

1 (ref)

-

 

Yes

4 (10.5)

1.1

0.4 - 2.7

  1. Note: OR: Odds Ratio, CI: Confidence interval.