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Table 6 Selected characteristics of US adults, by smoking cessation status, and odds ratios comparing those who successfully quit smoking with unsuccessful quitters, US National Health Interview Survey

From: Non-specific psychological distress, smoking status and smoking cessation: United States National Health Interview Survey 2005

 

Current smokers who attempted but failed to quit in past year

(n = 2,747)

Former smokers who quit 7-24 months ago

(n = 693)

Multivariate odds ratio for successful quitting

 

%

95% CI

%

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Age group (years)

      

   18 - 24

17.3

(15.4 - 19.2)

16.4

(12.6 - 20.1)

1.00

(Reference)

   25 - 34

23.2

(21.3 - 25.0)

26.7

(22.8 - 30.6)

0.97

(0.68 - 1.39)

   35 - 44

22.6

(20.8 - 24.4)

18.0

(14.9 - 21.1)

0.66

(0.45 - 0.97)

   45 - 54

20.7

(18.9 - 22.6)

16.3

(13.1 - 19.5)

0.63

(0.42 - 0.95)

   55 - 64

10.9

(9.6 - 12.1)

13.0

(10.3 - 15.7)

0.99

(0.65 - 1.50)

   65 and over

5.4

(4.5 - 6.3)

9.7

(7.2 - 12.1)

1.68

(1.05 - 2.68)

Sex

      

   Male

52.7

(50.5 - 54.9)

56.6

(52.3 - 60.8)

1.17

(0.96 - 1.43)

   Female

47.3

(45.1 - 49.5)

43.4

(39.2 - 47.7)

1.00

(Reference)

Race/ethnicity

      

   Hispanic

9.6

(8.5 - 10.8)

11.1

(8.7 - 13.6)

(a)

 

   Non-Hispanic White

73.2

(71.3 - 75.1)

75.1

(71.4 - 78.8)

  

   Non-Hispanic Black

13.2

(11.8 - 14.6)

10.4

(7.7 - 13.2)

  

   All other race groups

4.0

(3.0 - 4.9)

3.4

(1.7 - 5.0)

  

Marital status

      

   Married/living with partner

55.1

(52.9 - 57.3)

62.4

(58.3 - 66.6)

1.00

(Reference)

   Divorced/widowed/separated

18.9

(17.4 - 20.4)

16.0

(13.2 - 18.7)

0.79

(0.61 - 1.03)

   Never married

24.7

(22.7 - 26.7)

20.5

(16.8 - 24.2)

0.72

(0.53 - 0.96)

   Not stated

1.2

(0.8 - 1.6)

1.1

(0.4 - 1.9)

0.79

(0.34 - 1.82)

Education

      

   Less than high school

18.5

(16.8 - 20.3)

16.2

(13.2 - 19.2)

0.57

(0.41 - 0.80)

   High school graduate or GED

35.0

(32.8 - 37.1)

31.4

(27.2 - 35.6)

0.56

(0.41 - 0.76)

   Some college/associate degree

33.5

(31.4 - 35.5)

31.0

(27.0 - 35.0)

0.59

(0.44 - 0.79)

   College graduate or higher

12.4

(11.0 - 13.9)

20.6

(17.1 - 24.1)

1.00

(Reference)

   Not stated

0.6

(0.3 - 0.9)

0.8

(0.0 - 1.7)

0.87

(0.28 - 2.66)

   Born in the United States

      

   Yes

10.1

(8.8 - 11.4)

10.5

(8.1 - 13.0)

(a)

 

   No

89.8

(88.5 - 91.2)

89.5

(87.0 - 91.9)

  

   Not stated

0.1

(0.0 - 0.2)

0.0

(0.0 - 0.2)

  

Family income

      

   Under $20,000

22.0

(20.4 - 23.6)

15.9

(13.3 - 18.6)

0.77

(0.55 - 1.09)

   $20,000 or more not further stated

9.1

(7.7 - 10.6)

11.8

(8.8 - 14.8)

1.11

(0.74 - 1.67)

   $20,000 - $44,999

26.2

(24.3 - 28.1)

25.5

(21.7 - 29.3)

0.86

(0.62 - 1.20)

   $45,000 - $74,999

19.9

(18.0 - 21.7)

20.7

(17.1 - 24.2)

0.86

(0.62 - 1.19)

   $75,000 or more

17.8

(15.9 - 19.7)

21.6

(17.8 - 25.4)

1.00

(Reference)

   Not stated

5.0

(4.1 - 5.9)

4.5

(2.6 - 6.3)

0.75

(0.44 - 1.27)

Housing tenure

      

   Owned or being bought

60.1

(58.0 - 62.2)

64.5

(60.4 - 68.6)

(a)

 

   Rented

36.7

(34.7 - 38.8)

33.2

(29.1 - 37.2)

  

   Other

2.8

(2.1 - 3.5)

2.1

(0.9 - 3.2)

  

   Not stated

0.4

(0.1 - 0.7)

0.3

(0 - 0.7)

  

K6 level of psychological distress

      

   0 - 2

52.5

(50.3 - 54.7)

66.8

(62.8 - 70.8)

1.00

(Reference)

   3 - 7

27.5

(25.5 - 29.6)

22.2

(18.6 - 25.7)

0.79

(0.64 - 0.97)

   8 - 12

12.6

(11.1 - 14.1)

5.9

(4.1 - 7.7)

0.52

(0.38 - 0.72)

   13 - 24

6.5

(5.5 - 7.5)

4.5

(2.8 - 6.1)

0.62

(0.42 - 0.92)

   Not stated

0.9

(0.5 - 1.3)

0.6

(0.0 - 1.3)

0.56

(0.19 - 1.63)

  1. (a) Variable not significantly associated with successful quitting status, and eliminated from final model