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Table 2 Results of multilevel regression models for estimated of factors associated with influenza vaccine uptake in the previous 12 months among a representative sample of older Italians (n = 24,760)

From: Influenza vaccine uptake among community-dwelling Italian elderly: results from a large cross-sectional study

 

Model 1

(Enabling resources)

Model 2

(Model 1 +

Predisposing characteristics)

Model 3

(Model 2 +

Need factors)

 

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Fixed effects

   

Marital status, not married (n = 10,670)

0.97 (0.90 - 1.05)

0.82 (0.76 - 0.89)*

0.81 (0.74 - 0.87)*

Help availability from:

   

- Family (n = 21,040)

1.09 (1.01 - 1.17)*

1.02 (0.94 - 1.10)

1.02 (0.95 - 1.10)

- Friends (n = 12,221)

0.90 (0.85 - 0.96)*

0.96 (0.90 - 1.02)

1.00 (0.94 - 1.06)

- Neighbors (n = 12,212)

1.12 (1.05 - 1.19)*

1.08 (1.02 - 1.15)*

1.08 (1.02 - 1.15)*

Household size

   

- Single person (n = 6,844)

1

1

1

- Couple (n = 11,774)

1.05 (0.96 - 1.15)

1.07 (0.98 - 1.17)

1.06 (0.97 - 1.16)

- 3-5 persons (n = 5,760)

0.79 (0.72 - 0.86)*

0.84 (0.76 - 0.92)*

0.83 (0.76 - 0.92)*

- More than 6 persons (n = 382)

0.85 (0.69 - 1.07)

0.84 (0.67 - 1.05)

0.83 (0.66 - 1.04)

Privately paid help (n = 2,804)

1.26 (1.16 - 1.38)*

1.24 (1.13 - 1.35)*

1.19 (1.08 - 1.30)*

Privately paid carer (n = 991)

1.52 (1.31 - 1.76)*

1.22 (1.05 - 1.42)*

1.08 (0.93 - 1.26)

Gender, female (n = 14,285)

 

1.01 (0.95 - 1.07)

0.99 (0.93 - 1.05)

Age

   

- 65-74 (n = 13,434)

 

1

1

- 75-84 (n = 8,960)

 

1.88 (1.77 - 1.99)*

1.72 (1.62 - 1.83)*

- 85+ (n = 2,366)

 

2.23 (2.01 - 2.48)*

1.99 (1.77 - 2.21)*

Educational level A

 

0.94 (0.90 - 0.97)*

0.96 (0.93 - 0.99)*

Self-reported household wealth B

 

0.95 (0.91 - 0.99)*

1.03 (0.98 - 1.08)

Smoking status, smoker (n = 2,149)

 

0.71 (0.65 - 0.78)*

0.73 (0.66 - 0.80)*

Chronic diseases C

   

- No (n = 4,105)

  

1

- Mild (n = 9, 768)

  

1.46 (1.35 - 1.58)*

- Severe (n = 10,887)

  

2.06 (1.90 - 2.24)*

Self-reported health status

   

- Good (n = 5,679)

  

0.70 (0.65 - 0.75)*

- Fair (n = 14,054)

  

1

- Bad (n = 5,027)

  

1.08 (1.00 - 1.17)*

Respondent type

   

- Index subject (n = 21,813)

1

1

1

- Index subject with help (n = 1,239)

1.24 (1.09 - 1.40)*

0.99 (0.87 - 1.13)

0.87 (0.76 - 0.99)*

- Proxy respondent (n = 1,708)

0.78 (0.70 - 0.86)*

0.75 (0.67 - 0.83)*

0.73 (0.65 - 0.81)*

Random effects parameter

   

Area of residence, Variance estimated

0.13 ± 0.4*

0.13 ± 0.4*

0.13 ± 0.4*

Intraclass correlation (ρ)

0.00502

0.00498

0.00530

  1. OR = Odds Ratio; CI = Confidence Interval. A Educational level was treated as an ordinal variable; B Self-reported household wealth was treated as an ordinal variable C We categorized as severe the following chronic diseases: diabetes, cardiac disease, stroke, neoplasm, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, Alzheimer and other forms of dementia and cirrhosis. Other chronic conditions have been categorized as mild. * Statistical significance below 0.05 level.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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