Variable | n(%) | Mean * | SD | p †| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group membership | 0 | 44 (32.4) | 16.0 | 3.7 | <.001 |
 | 1 | 58 (42.6) | 16.0 | 6.2 |  |
 | 2 or more | 27 (19.9) | 20.9 | 6.7 |  |
Support from groups | 0 | 57 (41.9) | 16.4 | 4.8 | .048 |
 | 1 | 51 (37.5) | 16.5 | 5.8 |  |
 | 2 or more | 21 (15.4) | 19.9 | 7.8 |  |
Supports from individuals | 0 | 27 (19.9) | 15.4 | 3.4 | .183 |
 | 1 | 35 (25.7) | 16.6 | 5.3 |  |
 | 2 or more | 67 (49.3) | 17.9 | 6.8 |  |
Citizenship activities | None | 48 (39.7) | 16.6 | 6.5 | .628 |
 | Joined or talked | 17 (14.0) | 17.2 | 7.3 |  |
 | Joined & talked | 56 (46.3) | 17.8 | 4.9 |  |
Joined with others | Yes | 64 (47.1) | 17.8 | 4.9 | .335 |
 | No | 59 (43.4) | 16.7 | 6.7 |  |
Talked with authorities | Yes | 67 (49.3) | 17.6 | 5.5 | .428 |
 | No | 55 (40.4) | 16.8 | 6.4 |  |
Cognitive social capital | Low | 22 (18.5) | 15.6 | 4.5 | .133 |
 | High | 97 (81.5) | 17.7 | 6.2 |  |
Trust | Yes | 99 (72.8) | 17.5 | 6.2 | .217 |
 | No | 24 (17.6) | 16.3 | 3.9 |  |
Social harmony | Yes | 97 (71.3) | 17.4 | 6.1 | .681 |
 | No | 26 (19.1) | 16.9 | 4.9 |  |
Sense of belonging | Yes | 107 (78.7) | 17.7 | 5.9 | .017 |
 | No | 14 (10.3) | 13.6 | 5.2 |  |
Sense of fairness‡ | Yes | 19 (14.0) | 16.5 | 4.5 | .531 |
 | No | 103 (75.7) | 17.4 | 6.1 |  |