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Table 3 Association between mental health outcomes and (i) psychological exposure variables and (ii) incident management activities.

From: Psychosocial impact of the summer 2007 floods in England

 

Psychological distress

(cases = 584, total = 2,113)

Anxiety

(cases = 297, total = 2,037)

Depression

(cases = 280, total = 2,113)

Probable PTSD

(cases = 138, total = 2,019)

Psychological exposure variables

Univariate

Adjusted

Univariate

Adjusted

Univariate

Adjusted

Univariate

Adjusted

Reported health concerns

9.9

(7.7, 12.8)

4.7

(3.5, 6.4)

10.0

(7.5, 13.1)

3.7

(2.6, 5.1)

9.6

(7.2, 12.8)

4.3

(3.0, 6.1)

8.6

(6.0, 12.4)

3.0

(1.9, 4.7)

Perceived house values will be worse

2.3

(1.8, 2.8)

1.0

(0.7, 1.3)

3.2

(2.3, 4.4)

1.3

(0.8, 1.9)

2.5

(1.8, 3.4)

1.1

(0.7, 1.6)

2.7

(1.7, 4.4)

1.1

(0.6, 1.9)

Perceived their finances will be worse

5.3

(4.2, 6.7)

2.5

(1.8, 3.4)

4.5

(3.4, 5.9)

1.8

(1.3, 2.7)

4.4

(3.3, 5.8)

2.0

(1.3, 2.9)

6.4

(4.4, 9.3)

3.2

(2.0, 5.2)

Incident management variables

        

Disruption to essential services

4.8

(3.8, 6.0)

1.8

(1.3, 2.4)

6.3

(4.8, 8.2)

2.1

(1.5, 3.0)

5.1

(3.9, 6.7)

2.1

(1.5, 3.0)

7.0

(4.8, 10.1)

3.1

(2.0, 4.9)

Asked to evacuate but refused

4.2

(3.0, 6.1)

1.1

(0.7, 1.8)

4.5

(3.0, 6.7)

1.0

(0.6, 1.8)

5.1

(3.3, 7.6)

1.2

(0.7, 2.1)

5.0

(3.0, 8.3)

1.0

(0.5, 1.9)

Asked to evacuate and evacuated

7.3

(5.4, 9.7)

1.7

(1.2, 2.5)

7.7

(5.7, 10.5)

1.5

(1.0, 2.3)

5.6

(4.0, 7.7)

1.2

(0.8, 1.9)

4.4

(2.9, 6.7)

0.7

(0.4, 1.2)

Water level

        

Not affected

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Outside the house

1.8

(1.4, 2.3)

1.5

(1.1, 2.0)

2.0

(1.3, 3.1)

1.3

(0.8, 2.1)

1.2

(0.8, 1.8)

0.8

(0.5, 1.3)

2.6

(1.4, 4.8)

1.8

(0.9, 3.6)

Below floor level in the lounge or kitchen or other ground floor rooms

3.0

(2.0, 4.6)

1.7

(1.0, 2.8)

2.4

(1.3, 4.5)

1.1

(0.5, 2.2)

3.1

(1.8, 5.3)

1.5

(0.8, 2.8)

2.8

(1.1, 7.0)

1.1

(0.4, 3.1)

Above floor level

13.4

(10.0, 17.9)

5.0

(3.4, 7.3)

17.8

(12.2, 26.0)

4.8

(3.0, 7.8)

9.5

(6.7, 13.5)

2.6

(1.6, 4.3)

14.3

(8.2, 24.9)

3.9

(1.9, 7.8)

  1. (Odds ratios and 95%CI. Adjusted odds ratios are adjusted for all variables shown in the table, as well as age, previous medical problems, gender, employment, area and method of data collection)