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Table 1 Patient and disease characteristics of individuals receiving standard initial tuberculosis treatment, comparing patients with treatment relapse, failure, or default (cases) to patients with treatment success without relapse (controls)

From: Risk factors for tuberculosis treatment failure, default, or relapse and outcomes of retreatment in Morocco

Characteristic

Cases

(N = 80)

Controls

(N = 266)

p-value

At treatment initiation

   

   Male gender (n, %)

65 (81)

175 (66)

< 0.01

   Marital status (n, %)§

  

0.70

Single

32 (59)

101 (53)

 

Married

21(39)

85(45)

 

Other (widowed, divorced)

1(2)

4(2)

 

   Medical comorbidities (n,%)*

13(16)

30(11)

0.23

   Cavity on chest x-ray (n,%)‡

32(46)

101(43)

0.65

   Age (mean, sd)

33.2(13.6)

34.5(14.3)

0.47

   Weight at treatment initiation (mean, sd)

55.1 (9.5)

56.0 (9.4)

0.46

   Habits (n, %)√

   

Tobacco use

18 (23)

42(16)

0.16

Alcohol use

2(3)

6(2)

0.89

Illicit drug use

6(8)

4(2)

< 0.01

During treatment

   

   Sputum smear conversion to negative by 3 months (n,%)†

28(45)

220 (87)

< 0.01

   Weight gain after two months of treatment (kg, sd)**

2.6 (3.8)

3.4 (3.6)

0.09

   Weight gain over initial treatment period (5-6 months) (kg, sd)**

3.8 (5.8)

6.6 (5.3)

< 0.01

   Missed doses during intensive phase

14(18)

10(4)

< 0.01

   Hospitalization

21(26)

38(14)

0.01

  1. §N = 54 for cases, 190 for controls, as marital status was not consistently recorded in the charts
  2. *Patients with no evidence of comorbid conditions in chart review were combined with those for whom the absence of cormorbidities was expressly noted.
  3. ‡N = 70 for cases, 237 for controls, as x-rays were not performed and recorded for all patients.
  4. √Patients with no evidence of tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drug use in chart review were combined with those for whom the absence of tobacco, alcohol, or illicit use was expressly noted.
  5. †N = 62 for cases (15 of 27 patients with default did not have sputum smear conversion data, 3 patients with relapse were culture-positive, smear-negative cases); N = 251 for controls.
  6. **N = 65 for cases (12 default patients, 1 failure, and 2 relapse patients did not have 2-month weight data), 263 for controls at 2 months; n = 50 for cases, 257 for controls after 5-6 months of treatment