Sickness presenteeism in Spanish-born and immigrant workers in Spain

BMC Public Health

Table 1 Sickness Presenteeism in foreign-born and Spanish born workers according to personal, employment and health characteristics (ITSAL Project, 2009; n = 2,059)

Variables	Spanish-born				Foreign-born								p-value for trend
					Time in Spain >=2 years				Time in Spain < 2 years
	N^a	n^b	P^c	p-value	N^a	n^b	P^c	p-value	N^a	n^b	P^c	p-value
Sex
Males	226	90	39.8	0.429	818	427	52.2	0.575	119	69	58.0	0.586	p < 0.0001
Females	216	95	44.0		586	297	50.7		94	51	54.3		p < 0.0001
Age (years)
20-30	218	88	40.4	0.597	808	413	51.1	0.692	109	61	56.0	0.910	p < 0.0001
31- 40	224	97	43.3		596	311	52.2		104	59	56.7		0.008
Education^d
≤Primary	95	34	35.8	0.189	420	226	53.8	0.144	72	38	52.8	0.040	0.001
Secondary	208	85	40.9		736	362	49.2		110	58	52.7		0.020
University	139	66	47.5		246	136	55.3		31	24	77.4		0.002
Type of contract
Permanent	209	84	44.4	0.090	382	178	46.6	p < 0.0001	58	29	50.0	0.325	0.110
Temporary	177	70	35.5		608	294	48.4		92	51	55.4		0.009
No contract	56	31	53.4		414	252	60.9		63	40	63.5		0.352
Income last 3 months^d
<= 750	68	41	60.3	0.004	417	236	56.6	0.024	64	40	62.5	0.142	0.318
751- 1200	180	72	40.0		737	376	51.0		112	60	53.6		0.005
1201- 1800	144	57	39.6		209	93	44.5		33	20	60.6		0.028
> 1800	46	13	28.3		39	17	43.6		3	0	0.0		0.052
Self-perceived health
Good	385	169	43.9	0.024	1160	627	54.1	p < 0.0001	181	112	61.9	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
Poor	57	16	28.1		244	97	39.8		32	8	25.0		0.031
Mental health (GHQ-12)
Good	324	150	46.3	0.002	1011	558	55.2	p < 0.0001	159	96	60.4	0.041	0.001
Poor	118	35	29.7		393	166	42.2		54	24	44.4		0.011
Total	442	185	42.0		1404	724	51.6		213	120	56.3		p < 0.0001

^a N = Number of workers reporting health problems in the last year.
^b n = Number of workers with health problems who not missed to work
^c P = Prevalence (n/N)
^d There was some missing information for education (n = 2, 0.09%) and income (n = 7, 0.33%)

ISSN: 1471-2458