Early life factors and being overweight at 4 years of age among children in Malmö, Sweden

BMC Public Health

Table 4 Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of being overweight at 4-years of age by maternal smoking during pregnancy and presence of parental overweight, Malmö, Sweden.

	Parents normal-weight		At least one parent with an overweight*
	Maternal smoking during pregnancy		Maternal smoking during pregnancy
	No	Yes	No	Yes
	OR; 95% CI*	OR; 95% CI	OR; 95% CI	OR; 95% CI
Adjusted for sex and year	1.00†	0.84 (0.47, 1.50)	1.73 (1.47, 2.04)	2.77 (2.16, 3.55)§
Adjusted model‡	1.00†	0.98 (0.53, 1.92)	1.75 (1.46, 2.10)	2.81 (2.11, 3.73)§

* OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; Parental overweight was defined as having a BMI > 25 kg/m² † Reference level.
‡ Adjusted for year, sex, maternal educational level, parents' country of birth, crowded living, being firstborn, having taken part pf parental educational program, economic stress, and intake of sweetened beverages.
§ Statistically significantly different (p < 0.05) from the category: At least one parent with an overweight and no maternal smoking during pregnancy.

ISSN: 1471-2458