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Table 2 Odds ratios and population attributable fractions for ALRI hospitalisation before age 2 years in non-Aboriginal children

From: A retrospective population-based cohort study identifying target areas for prevention of acute lower respiratory infections in children

Risk factor

Univariatea

Adjusted

Adjusted

 

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

PAF %

95% CI

Gender

      

   Female

Reference

     

   Male

1.39

1.34, 1.45

1.40

1.34, 1.47

16.0

13.8, 18.1

Gestational age

      

   ≥37 weeks

Reference

     

   35-36 weeks

1.87

1.74, 2.02

1.70

1.54, 1.87

2.6

2.0, 3.1

   33-34 weeks

2.18

1.91, 2.49

2.04

1.73, 2.42

1.0

0.7, 1.3

   <33 weeks

4.84

4.35, 5.38

4.70

4.08, 5.41

2.7

2.3, 3.1

Percent optimal birthweight

    

   Low <85%

1.37

1.29, 1.46

1.14

1.06, 1.22

1.5

0.6, 2.3

   Normal 85-114%

Reference

     

   High ≥115%

1.02

0.96, 1.09

1.02

0.95, 1.11

0.3

-0.5, 1.0

Number of previous pregnancies

    

   0

Reference

     

   1

1.47

1.40, 1.56

1.63

1.52, 1.74

11.3

9.7, 12.8

   2

1.73

1.64, 1.84

2.00

1.86, 2.17

10.6

9.4, 11.8

   ≥3

2.12

2.00, 2.24

2.47

2.29, 2.66

15.4

14.1, 17.0

Season of birth

      

   Spring

Reference

     

   Summer

1.23

1.16, 1.30

1.24

1.16, 1.33

4.2

2.8, 5.6

   Autumn

1.64

1.56, 1.73

1.72

1.61, 1.83

12.3

10.8, 13.8

   Winter

1.39

1.31, 1.47

1.41

1.32, 1.51

7.0

5.6, 8.4

Mode of delivery

      

   Vaginal

1.40

1.31, 1.49

1.04

0.96, 1.13

2.2

-2.2, 6.5

   Instrumental

Reference

     

   Elective caesarean

1.48

1.38, 1.60

1.34

1.22, 1.48

4.1

2.8, 5.3

   Emergency caesarean

1.52

1.41, 1.65

1.20

1.09, 1.33

2.0

0.9, 3.1

Maternal smoking during pregnancy

   

   No

Reference

     

   Yes

1.79

1.70, 1.89

1.33

1.26, 1.41

6.3

5.0, 7.6

Maternal asthma during pregnancy

   

   No

Reference

     

   Yes

1.64

1.55, 1.74

1.47

1.37, 1.57

4.6

3.7, 5.5

Maternal age (years)

      

   ≥35 years

Reference

     

   30-34 years

1.10

1.04, 1.18

1.21

1.12, 1.31

4.6

2.8, 6.4

   25-29 years

1.31

1.23, 1.39

1.52

1.41, 1.65

10.2

8.4, 12.0

   20-24 years

1.73

1.62, 1.84

1.97

1.80, 2.15

9.6

8.4, 10.8

   <20 years

1.97

1.80, 2.15

2.60

2.30, 2.94

3.8

3.2, 4.4

SEIFA Index of Disadvantageb

    

   91-100%

Reference

     

   76-90%

1.23

1.11, 1.36

1.12

0.99, 1.25

1.2

-0.1, 2.5

   26-75%

1.47

1.35, 1.61

1.10

0.99, 1.22

4.2

-0.2, 8.5

   11-25%

1.92

1.74, 2.11

1.28

1.14, 1.43

4.3

2.4, 6.1

   0-10%

2.23

2.01, 2.47

1.33

1.17, 1.50

2.8

1.6, 3.9

Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia

  

   Very remote

Reference

     

   Remote

1.47

1.16, 1.87

1.36

1.03, 1.81

1.2

0.2, 2.1

   Outer regional

1.89

1.51, 2.37

1.62

1.25, 2.12

4.6

2.5, 6.8

   Inner regional

1.31

1.04,1.64

1.05

0.81, 1.38

0.5

-2.1, 3.1

   Major cities

1.23

0.99, 1.53

1.14

0.88, 1.48

8.4

-8.1, 22.4

  1. aall adjusted for birth year
  2. b 91-100% is least disadvantaged and 0-10% is most disadvantaged.