Participants, n (%)
|
688(47.9)
|
386(26.9)
|
142(9.9)
|
219(15.3)
| |
1635(90.2)
|
177(9.8)
| |
Age, y
|
59.4 (6.0)
|
58.1 (5.9)
|
58.1 (5.7)
|
58.0 (5.8)
|
0.60
|
58.5 (6.06)
|
58.0 (6.14)
|
0.28
|
BMI, kg/m2
|
24.0 (3.6)
|
24.6 (3.0)
|
24.0 (3.3)
|
23.6 (3.1)
|
0.0029
|
24.7 (3.7)
|
25.3 (3.9)
|
0.05
|
Waistline, cm
|
85.0 (11.1)
|
87.2 (9.3)
|
85.6 (10.3)
|
84.7 (10.1)
|
0.01
|
82.1 (10.4)
|
83.0 (10.2)
|
0.31
|
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg
|
141.2 (23.0)
|
142.1 (22.8)
|
143.2 (23.0)
|
146.2 (23.4)
|
0.04
|
143.6 (25.5)
|
140.7 (24.8)
|
0.15
|
Alcohol intake, g/d
|
NA
|
5.2 (2.1,10.3)
|
29.4 (23.9,31.8)
|
68.4 (51.6,87.7)
|
< 0.0001
|
NA
|
1.9(0.9,6.9)
|
NA
|
Alcohol from liquor, g/d
|
NA
|
3.0 (0.9,5.3)
|
15.4(11.7,19.1)
|
59.8 (56.8, 62.8)
|
< 0.0001
|
NA
|
2.6 (2.3,3.6)
|
NA
|
Alcohol from beer, g/d
|
NA
|
2.4 (0.3,4.5)
|
9.0 (5.6,12.4)
|
19.1 (16.4,21.8)
|
< 0.0001
|
NA
|
3.4 (2.9,3.8)
|
NA
|
Alcohol from wine, g/d
|
NA
|
1.4 (3.4)
|
4.4 (9.2)
|
6.0 (15.5)
|
NA
|
1.9 (10.0)
|
1.3 (0.8,1.7)
|
NA
|
Drinking frequency, %
| | | | |
< 0.0001
| | |
NA
|
< 1 day/wk
|
NA
|
40.7
|
4.2
|
0.9
| |
NA
|
53.1
| |
1-4 day/wk
|
NA
|
29.5
|
21.1
|
9.1
| |
NA
|
22.6
| |
5-7 day/wk
|
NA
|
29.8
|
74.7
|
90.0
| |
NA
|
24.3
| |
Drinking pattern, %
| | | | |
< 0.0001
| | |
NA
|
Liquor drinkers
|
NA
|
43.0
|
56.3
|
75.3
| |
NA
|
22.6
| |
Non-liquor drinkers
|
NA
|
57.0
|
43.7
|
24.7
| |
NA
|
77.4
| |
North residence, %
|
38.8
|
66.8
|
56.3
|
55.7
|
< 0.0001
|
45.9
|
78.0
|
< 0.0001
|
Rural, %
|
51.7
|
40.2
|
52.8
|
67.1
|
< 0.0001
|
51.0
|
34.5
|
< 0.0001
|
Education >9 years, %
|
29.5
|
36.0
|
24.7
|
15.5
|
< 0.0001
|
18.4
|
20.9
|
0.41
|
High physical activity level, %
|
49.7
|
56.5
|
66.2
|
65.3
|
< 0.0001
|
47.0
|
46.3
|
0.67
|
Family income, %
| | | | |
< 0.0001
| | |
0.0002
|
< 20,000 rmb/y
|
30.3
|
21.5
|
26.8
|
38.6
| |
27.7
|
16.4
| |
20,000-39,999 rmb/y
|
58.4
|
61.4
|
62.7
|
54.5
| |
61.4
|
64.4
| |
≥40,000 rmb/y
|
11.3
|
17.1
|
10.5
|
6.8
| |
10.9
|
19.2
| |
Current smoker, %
|
44.6
|
56.2
|
69.0
|
81.7
|
< 0.0001
|
4.3
|
15.8
|
< 0.0001
|
Family history of CVD or diabetes, %
|
28.8
|
40.4
|
23.2
|
25.1
|
< 0.0001
|
30.8
|
40.7
|
0.0075
|
Nutrients *
| | | | | | | | |
Energy, kcal/day
|
2553 (855)
|
2622 (833)
|
2856 (796)
|
3297 (1018)
|
< 0.0001
|
2018 (566)
|
2212 (655)
|
< 0.0001
|
Energy without alcohol, kcal/day
|
2553(855)
|
2576(829)
|
2663(798)
|
2714(892)
|
0.07
|
2018(566)
|
2158(647)
|
< 0.0001
|
Fat, g/day
|
74.4 (25.7)
|
82.0 (25.9)
|
83.1 (27.0)
|
84.1(27.8)
|
< 0.0001
|
66.8 (19.2)
|
74.5 (17.9)
|
< 0.0001
|
Protein, g/day
|
81.5 (18.2)
|
88.0 (18.2)
|
87.8 (20.4)
|
86.4 (19.9)
|
< 0.0001
|
65.0 (14.2)
|
70.5 (12.7)
|
< 0.0001
|
Carbohydrate, g/day
|
413.2 (66.0)
|
392.4 (65.6)
|
389.7 (70.4)
|
389.0 (70.1)
|
< 0.0001
|
305.0 (48.2)
|
284.8 (42.8)
|
< 0.0001
|
Fiber, g/day
|
13.9 (5.8)
|
16.2 (6.8)
|
14.9 (5.3)
|
13.8 (5.6)
|
< 0.0001
|
12.6 (4.9)
|
14.8 (5.5)
|
< 0.0001
|