N | % | MHLS Score | Inadequate HL | Marginal HL | Adequate HL |
X2-test p-value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mean (SD) | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||||
Entire Sample | 1493 | 100.0 | 39.2 (14,8) | 205 | 13.7 | 247 | 16.5 | 1041 | 69.7 | |
Age | <0.001 | |||||||||
18-24 years | 149 | 10.0 | 45.0 (6.2) | 4 | 2.7 | 16 | 10.7 | 129 | 86.6 | |
25-39 years | 456 | 30.5 | 45.0 (6.6) | 12 | 2.6 | 48 | 10.5 | 396 | 86.8 | |
40-49 years | 292 | 19.6 | 43.9 (7.1) | 10 | 3.4 | 47 | 16.1 | 235 | 80.5 | |
50-64 years | 358 | 24.0 | 38.1 (14.8) | 52 | 14.5 | 80 | 22.4 | 226 | 63.1 | |
≥65 years | 237 | 15.9 | 20.6 (20.2) | 126 | 53.2 | 56 | 23.6 | 53 | 23.2 | |
Gender | 0.07 | |||||||||
Male | 736 | 49.3 | 40.0 (13.5) | 91 | 12.4 | 136 | 18.5 | 509 | 69.2 | |
Female | 757 | 50.7 | 38.5 (15.9) | 114 | 15.1 | 111 | 14.7 | 532 | 70.3 | |
Years of Schooling | <0.001 | |||||||||
0 year | 105 | 7.0 | 0.3 (3.4) | 104 | 99.0 | 1 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.0 | |
1-6 years | 246 | 16.5 | 30.3 (17.6) | 73 | 29.7 | 90 | 36.6 | 83 | 33.7 | |
7-12 years | 597 | 40.0 | 42.8 (6.8) | 28 | 4.7 | 131 | 21.9 | 438 | 73.4 | |
13-16 years | 481 | 32.2 | 46.7 (2.8) | 0 | 0.0 | 24 | 5.0 | 457 | 95.0 | |
≥17 years | 64 | 4.3 | 48.0 (2.4) | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.6 | 63 | 98.4 | |
Household Income a | <0.001b | |||||||||
≤50% of average | 342 | 22.9 | 32.4 (18.4) | 93 | 27.2 | 81 | 23.7 | 168 | 49.1 | |
51-75% of average | 252 | 16.9 | 41.4 (11.6) | 23 | 9.1 | 44 | 17.5 | 185 | 73.4 | |
76-100% of average | 193 | 12.9 | 43.6 (9.4) | 10 | 5.2 | 23 | 11.9 | 160 | 82.9 | |
>100% of average | 393 | 26.3 | 45.3 (6.5) | 7 | 1.8 | 40 | 10.2 | 346 | 88.0 | |
Missing | 313 | 21.0 | 34.7(18.0) | 72 | 23.0 | 59 | 18.9 | 182 | 58.2 | |
Residential Location | <0.001 | |||||||||
Metropolitan city | 367 | 24.6 | 42.0 (12.4) | 28 | 7.6 | 50 | 13.6 | 289 | 78.8 | |
Mid-size city | 509 | 34.1 | 41.2 (12.1) | 45 | 8.8 | 96 | 18.9 | 368 | 72.3 | |
Small city | 324 | 21.7 | 38.8 (15.0) | 48 | 14.8 | 52 | 16.1 | 224 | 69.1 | |
Rural/remote area | 292 | 19.6 | 32.7 (19.1) | 84 | 28.8 | 49 | 16.8 | 159 | 54.4 |