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Table 3 Number of study participants using specific antibiotics to treat specific menstrual symptoms (n, (%, 95% confidence interval)), and estimates of the overall prevalence of use for each antibiotic for one or more menstrual symptoms (%, 95% confidence interval)

From: Self-medication with antibiotics for the treatment of menstrual symptoms in southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

     

Symptoms

     

Antibiotic

Cramps

Weight gain, bloating

Heavy flow, heavy bleeding

Headaches

Pimples, acne

Aggression, moodiness

Tender, painful breasts

Backache, joint or muscle pain

Other

Prevalence of use for ≥ 1 menstrual symptom

Ampicillin

4 (0.6, 0.01-1.1)

5 (0.7, 0.08-1.3)

6 (0.9, 0.1-1.5)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

0

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

3 (0.4, 0.05-0.9)

2.6 (1.4-3.7)

Ampiclox (Ampicillin + Cloxacillin)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

0

6 (0.9, 0.1-1.5)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

0

0

0

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

2.0 (0.95-3.0)

Pefloxacin

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

3 (0.4, 0.05-0.9)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

0

0

0

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

0.9 (0.2-1.5)

Amoxicillin

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

3 (0.4, 0.05-0.9)

3 (0.4, 0.05-0.9)

0

0

0

0

0

1.3 (0.4-2.1)

Augmentin

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

0

0

0

0

0

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0.7 (0.1-1.3)

Ofloxacin

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

0

0

0

0

0

1.1 (0.4-1.9)

Tetracycline

6 (0.9, 0.1-1.5)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

4 (0.6, 0.01-1.1)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

0

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

7 (1.0, 0.2-1.7)

2.7 (1.5-3.9)

Ciprofloxacin

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

0

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

4 (0.6, 0.01-1.1)

1.4 (0.5-2.3)

Metronidazole

6 (0.9, 0.1-1.5)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

3.0 (1.7-4.2)

Cotrimoxazole

3 (0.4, 0.05-0.9)

0

0

3 (0.4, 0.05-0.9)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

1.6 (0.6-2.5)

Streptomycin

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

0

0

0

0

0.6 (0.01-1.1)

Gentamicin

3 (0.4, 0.05-0.9)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

2 (0.3, 0.1-0.6)

1 (0.14, -0.01-0.4)

0

0

0

0

1.0 (0.3-1.7)