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Table 2 Sex-specific crude and multivariate adjusted PRs for metabolic syndrome¹

From: Metabolic syndrome in Russian adults: associated factors and mortality from cardiovascular diseases and all causes

Factor

Men

Women

 

Model 12

Model 2

Model 3

Model 12

Model 2

Model 3

Age

      

   18-29

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

   30-39

3.58 (1.67-7.68)

2.24 (0.82-6.18)

1.4 (0.57-3.43)

2.29 (1.20-4.38)

1.55 (0.80-2.98)

1.42 (0.78-2.58)

   40-49

6.49 (3.23-13.04)

3.75 (1.44-9.78)

2.03 (0.88-4.68)

6.07(3.46-10.67)

3.43 (1.90-6.19)

2.50 (1.45-4.33)

   50-59

8.45 (4.18-17.06)

4.98 (1.89-13.14)

2.91 (1.25-6.75)

11.1(6.37-19.16)

5.39 (2.93-9.89)

3.76 (2.12-6.67)

   60+

10.45 (5.25-20.82)

6.58 (2.34-18.49)

5.06 (2.09-12.21)

12.1(7.02-20.98)

5.09 (2.69-9.65)

3.97 (2.17-7.26)

   P for trend

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Education

      

   Secondary school

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

   College

0.76 (0.54-1.07)

1.03 (0.73-1.47)

1.23 (0.86-1.76)

0.67 (0.55-0.81)

0.96 (0.78-1.18)

0.89 (0.73-1.09)

   University

1.39 (0.94-2.05)

1.10 (0.73-1.65)

1.18 (0.79-1.77)

0.60 (0.48-0.76)

0.80 (0.62-1.03)

0.89 (0.69-1.13)

   P for trend

0.190

0.660

0.375

< 0.001

0.085

0.329

Income

      

   Very low

1.15 (0.71-1.86)

0.87 (0.48-1.59)

0.81 (0.46-1.44)

2.19 (1.82-2.63)

0.99 (0.77-1.26)

0.97 (0.76-1.23)

   Low

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

   Medium

0.47 (0.23-0.97)

0.67 (0.32-1.40)

0.62 (0.28-1.33)

1.19 (0.89-1.60)

1.11 (0.82-1.50)

1.03 (0.75-1.41)

   High

0.62 (0.40-0.98)

0.84 (0.52-1.33)

0.81 (0.50-1.31)

0.88 (0.42-1.85)

0.97 (0.47-1.98)

1.01 (0.53-1.92)

   Unknown

0.14 (0.06-0.33)

0.83 (0.26-2.62)

1.22 (0.45-3.31)

0.34 (0.22-0.53)

0.69 (0.45-1.07)

0.79 (0.52-1.19)

Fresh fruits/vegetab. intake; high vs. low

1.26 (0.94-1.69)

1.21 (0.90-1.63)

1.17(0.85-1.58)

0.88 (0.73-1.05)

1.05 (0.88-1.25)

1.06 (0.90-1.25)

Current smoking

0.62 (0.47-0.81)

0.74 (0.56-0.97)

1.08 (0.81-1.45)

0.50 (0.38-0.67)

0.98 (0.74-1.30)

1.04 (0.80-1.35)

Sedentary lifestyle

1.7 (1.28-2.28)

1.33 (0.99-1.81)

1.13 (0.84-1.52)

1.81 (1.52-2.16)

1.31 (1.11-1.55)

1.19 (1.01-1.40)

Frequency of alcohol intake

      

   Abstainers

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

   ≤1 times a month

0.82 (0.55-1.21)

0.90 (0.60-1.35)

0.66 (0.45-0.98)

0.74 (0.61-0.90)

1.13 (0.92-1.39)

1.04 (0.85-1.27)

   2-4 times a month

0.47 (0.32-0.67)

0.62 (0.42-0.93)

0.59 (0.41-0.85)

0.47 (0.37-0.59)

0.96 (0.75-1.22)

0.90 (0.71-1.14)

   ≥5 times a month

0.55 (0.33-0.90)

0.76 (0.46-1.26)

0.61 (0.37-1.00)

0.19 (0.08-0.44)

0.42 (0.19-0.97)

0.58 (0.26-1.30)

   P for trend

< 0.001

0.045

0.030

< 0.001

0.202

0.190

Body Mass Index

      

   < 25

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

   25.0-29.9

30.78 (9.71-97.51)

-

22.0 (6.61-73.24)

7.3 (5.0-10.6)

-

4.4 (3.0-6.5)

   30.0-34.9

163.1(52.2-509.6)

-

105.0 (31.6-349.1)

14.5 (10.1-20.9)

-

7.0 (4.6-10.5)

   ≥35

195.7 (61.0-628.1)

-

132.9 (39.1-451.5)

16.8 (11.5-24.5)

-

7.3 (4.8-11.3)

Number of AU on one occasion3

      

   Abstainers

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

   1-4 AU

0.61 (0.42-0.89)

0.78 (0.53-1.15)

0.69 (0.48-0.99)

0.58 (0.49-0.70)

1.04 (0.85-1.26)

0.96 (0.79-1.17)

   ≥ 5 AU

0.52 (0.36-0.75)

0.61 (0.40-0.93)

0.52 (0.35-0.76)

0.52 (0.38-0.70)

1.07 (0.79-1.46)

1.06 (0.78-1.43)

   P for trend

0.003

0.017

0.001

< 0.001

0.631

0.893

Log GGT

4.3 (3.18-5.81)

1.83 (1.22-2.75)

1.28 (0.82-2.0)

4.08 (3.28-5.07)

1.69 (1.27-2.26)

1.62 (1.22-2.15)

Log AST/Log ALT

0.11 (0.05-0.27)

0.09 (0.04-0.22)

0.19 (0.08-0.46)

0.34 (0.21-0.56)

0.56 (0.33-0.94)

0.82 (0.51-1.32)

Log CRP

2.28 (1.9-2.73)

1.63 (1.28-2.09)

1.27 (0.93-1.72)

3.16 (2.73-3.65)

2.17 (1.82-2.59)

1.61 (1.09-1.12)

  1. 1 Metabolic syndrome is defined according to modified IDF criteria
  2. 2 Model 1: crude PRs. Model 2 estimates for the MetS adjusted for age, education, income, frequency of fresh fruit and vegetable intake, smoking habits, physical activity and the frequency of alcohol consumption. Model 3: estimates for the MetS adjusted for all covariates in Model 2 plus BMI
  3. 3 The PRs for "Number of AU on one occasion" in Model 2 and Model 3 adjusted as before excluding variable "Frequency of alcohol consumption"
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