Table 2 Comparisons of demographic, ICIAIs and psychosocial variables between boys and girls

Age

14.90 (0.84)

14.87 (0.72)

0.77

Grade

   Seventh

88 (40)

79 (33)

0.10

   Eighth

130 (60)

160 (67)

Ethnicity

   Han

174 (79)

191 (79)

0.97

   Zhuang and others

46 (21)

50 (21)

Family ICIAI

3.56 (0.71)

3.77 (0.64)

<0.01

Friend ICIAI

3.19 (0.62)

3.39 (0.60)

<0.01

Classmate ICIAI

2.64 (0.60)

2.84 (0.67)

<0.01

Favorable attitude towards heroin use

3.49 (3.16)

2.33 (2.51)

<0.01

Perceived behavioral control

26.31 (4.48)

27.08 (3.15)

0.04

Descriptive norms of heroin used by family members

   No

219 (100)

233 (97)

0.01

   Yes

0 (0)

8 (3)

Descriptive norms of heroin used by villagers

   No

98 (45)

84 (35)

0.03

   Yes

121 (55)

156 (65)

Descriptive norms of heroin used by classmates

   No

216 (98)

237 (98)

1.00

   Yes

4 (2)

4 (2)

Subjective norms (perceived encouragement of heroin use by family members)

   No

217 (100)

241 (100)

   Yes

0 (0)

0 (0)

Subjective norms (perceived encouragement of heroin use by classmates)

   No

216 (99)

239 (100)

0.61

   Yes

2 (1)

1 (0)

Perceived peer control

12.93 (3.03)

14.93 (2.26)

<0.01

Communication with parents about heroin use

29.90 (4.28)

31.39 (4.34)

<0.01