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Pills burn woman's eggs
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Pills pile up in body cause swellings, cancer, spoils tubes
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Oral methods are abortifacient, and cause birth defects
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Coil pierces womb
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Condom damages womb, grooves porous, lubricant infectious
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Condom break, get stuck, may cause death
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Misconceptions
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Misconceptions and Fears
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Side effects are permanent
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Contraceptives cause infertility, guilty of not bearing children
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Lived or peers experiences of side effects
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Fears
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Condom faulty- 'whites' insert HIV in condom
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Contraceptives make women sick and fail to work
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Men reject discussion, disapprove contraceptives use
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Men abusive, violent, abandon women using contraceptives
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Women need men's permission
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Power relation
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Gender power relations
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Men intimidate, manipulate girls into sex without contraceptives
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Men use pregnancy to control and attach women in relationships
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Couple disagree on use, consensus rare
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Men decide on number of children, when to use a method or not
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Decision making
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Male persuasive, girls are shy, ignorant and weak to negotiate for use
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and negotiation
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Men take contraception lightly consider it a woman's problem
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Women's purpose in life is child bearing
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Women face dilemma, men demand gender distribution of children
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Social norms and
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Socio-cultural expectations
|
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Society condemn early sex, pregnancy, contraceptive use by young people
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expectations
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and contradictions
|
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Contraceptives for married with enough children
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Men want children from different wives
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Parents, partners, in-laws have strong negative feelings on contraceptives
| | |
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Religion oppose use of contraceptives
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Society links contraceptive use to promiscuity
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Women fear to be seen at health center or shop seeking contraceptives
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Young people using contraceptives are spoiled
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Stigma
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Embarrassing to attend FP clinics or to buy condoms
| | |
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Men suspicious if women brings or knows how to use condom
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Men refuse contraception, but say children are women's responsibility
| | |
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Parents not open on sex matters, but scare youth from contraception
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Parents angered when find girls or boys with contraceptives
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Contradictions
| |
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Parents force girl/boy to marry early if pregnant
| | |
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Abortion option for girls not to have a baby
| | |
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Religion view contraception as murder, a sin
| | |
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Pre-marital sex not a problem, men/women start sex early
| | |
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Apparent trust, men develop trust in women quickly, rarely use FP
| | |
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Girls perceived to be too young to get pregnant
| | |
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Male partner's duty to use protection
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Contraception not priority, and preference of sex without condom
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Emerging attitudes
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Short term planning dilemma
|
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Perceived love of a girl abandon condom use
| | |
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Pregnancy is a means to acquire a partner for marriage
| | |
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Poverty-sex with older men and commercial sex
| | |
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Sex done in a hurry, no time to get condom after convincing the girl
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Girls want sex, are not patient during courtship, abstinence outdated
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Immediate gratification
| |
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Young men compete for girls, use pregnancy to win them over
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Pleasure from sex overrides fear for pregnancy
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Cost burden for transport and contraceptives
| | |
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Use of condoms expensive with consistent partner
| | |
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Limited method to choose from and irregular stocks
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Uncertainty for continued use
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Health systems barriers
|
|
Long distance to health center, queue and waiting time, shops close early
| | |
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Providers too busy with sick people, seeking service is not convenient
| | |
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Provider dictate methods for young people, not friendly
| | |
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Provider advise on abstinence and not contraception
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Providers report young people seeking contraception to parent or partner
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Provider paternalistic attitudes
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Fear to collide with parents at Health Center
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