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Table 1 Primary, secondary and additional outcome measures

From: The reduction of disability in community-dwelling frail older people: design of a two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial

Variables

Instrument

No. of items

Range*

B

FU1

FU2

FU3

Primary outcome measure

Disability

GARS [34]

18

18-72

TI

TI

TI

TI

Secondary outcome measures

Cognitive impairment

TICS [40]

11

0-41

TI

TI

TI

TI

Symptoms of depression

HADS [35]

7

0-21

TI

TI

TI

TI

Social participation

MSSP [38]

10

0-90

TI

TI

TI

TI

Social support interactions

SSL12-I [36]

12

12-48

PQ

PQ

PQ

PQ

Fear of falling

Short FES-I [37]

7

7-28

TI

TI

TI

TI

No. of falls in the previous 6 months [19]

N/A

1

N/A

TI

TI

TI

TI

Consultation with physician due to fall

N/A

1

N/A

TI

TI

TI

TI

Feelings of loneliness [19]

N/A

1

N/A

PQ

PQ

PQ

PQ

Mortality

N/A

N/A

N/A

R

R

R

R

Additional measures

Vision/hearing capacity

OECD-long-term disability indicator [41]

4

4-16

TI

TI

TI

TI

Mastery

Mastery scale [43]

7

7-35

TI

TI

TI

TI

Healthcare utilization

N/A

N/A

N/A

R

R

R

R

  1. *The underlined scores indicate the most favourable scores; N/A = not applicable B = baseline; FU1 = 6-month follow-up; FU2 = 12-month follow-up; FU3 = 24-month follow-up; TI = telephone interview, PQ = postal questionnaire; R = registries of health insurance/GP/hospital