Skip to main content

Table 4 Alcohol drinking and metabolic risk versus elevated GGT (GGT ≥ 50 U/L) by ethnicity

From: Alcohol, metabolic risk and elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in Indigenous Australians

 

Aboriginal

TSI

 

Crude OR

Adj. OR*

Crude OR

Adj. OR*

Alcohol Drinking

No

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

4.9 (3.6-6.7)

5.6 (3.9-8.0)

3.3 (2.1- 5.1)

2.2 (1.3-3.7)

Alcohol risk

No

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Moderate

2.1 (1.4-3.2)

2.7 (1.7-4.1)

1.9 (1.1-3.2)

1.4 (0.8-2.5)

Risky

6.3 (4.6-8.7)

7.6 (5.2-11.1)

4.5 (2.9-7.1)

3.4 (1.9-5.9)

Metabolic syndrome †

No

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

2.1 (1.7-2.6)

2.7 (2.0-3.6)

2.8 (2.0-4.0)

2.2 (1.4-3.4)

MR cluster profile †

Favorable

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Adverse

3.3 (2.6-4.1)

3.4 (2.5-4.5)

3.9 (2.7-5.7)

3.2 (2.0-5.0)

  1. * Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, smoking, and PA level. † Risky drinking was defined as > 6 drinks on any occasion or >4 drinks per day in males and >4 drinks on any occasion or >2 drinks per day in female in the week prior to the survey. Metabolic syndrome defined by IDF criteria: waist circumference (≥94 cm in males and ≥80 for females), raised triglycerides (≥1.7 mmol/L), reduced HDL (<1.03 in males or <1.29 in females), raised blood pressure (systolic >130 mmHg or diastolic≥85 mmHg), and plasma glucose (≥5.6 mmol/L). Adverse MR (metabolic risk) cluster profile was obtained by EM cluster analysis.