Table 1 The distributions of cardiovascular risk factors according to groups of the tertile for hs-CRP, stratified by gender
Variables | Mean (SD) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men (N = 625) | Women (N = 666) | |||||||
Lower tertile ≦0.1 mg/l (N = 299) | Middle tertile 0.1-0.157 mg/l (N = 123) | Upper tertile > 0.157 mg/l (N = 203) | P value | Lower tertile ≦0.1 mg/l (N = 330) | Middle tertile 0.1-0.163 mg/l (N = 115) | Upper tertile > 0.163 mg/l (N = 221) | P value | |
Age (years) | 56.8 (11.6) | 57.5 (12.4) | 59.0 (13.0) | 0.15 | 52.2 (9.4) | 55.8 (10.8) | 56.7 (9.7) | < .001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.4 (2.9) | 25.4 (3.3) | 25.3 (3.2) | < .001 | 22.6 (2.5) | 24.4 (3.2) | 25.3 (3.7) | < .001 |
Smoking (%)†| 74 (24.8) | 31 (25.2) | 70 (34.5) | 0.04 | 12 (3.7) | 1 (0.9) | 10 (4.5) | 0.21 |
Drinking (%)†| 120 (40.1) | 55 (44.7) | 66 (32.5) | 0.07 | 46 (14.0) | 7 (6.1) | 19 (8.6) | 0.03 |
Betel nut chewing (%)†| 14 (4.7) | 12 (9.8) | 13 (6.5) | 0.15 | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.60 |
Exercise (%)†| 201 (67.5) | 85 (69.1) | 131 (64.5) | 0.66 | 224 (67.9) | 77 (67.0) | 136 (61.5) | 0.29 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 85.1 (8.2) | 88.2 (7.8) | 88.3 (9.1) | < .001 | 73.6 (6.5) | 78.3 (8.1) | 81.3 (9.6) | < .001 |
Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.90 (0.1) | 0.90 (0.1) | 0.004 | 0.79 (0.1) | 0.82 (0.1) | 0.83 (0.1) | < .001 |
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) | 102.8 (24.2) | 103.5 (22.4) | 111.3 (33.5) | 0.002 | 96.52 (21.3) | 99.2 (18.1) | 109.1 (37.1) | < .001 |
Fasting insulin (uU/ml) | 8.1 (6.1) | 9.5 (7.0) | 10.0 (7.4) | 0.005 | 6.5 (5.7) | 8.1 (7.3) | 10.1 (7.4) | < .001 |
HOMA-IR | 2.1 (1.9) | 2.5 (2.2) | 2.8 (2.3) | 0.001 | 1.6 (1.8) | 2.1 (2.3) | 2.9 (2.8) | < .001 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 202.6 (35.3) | 201.2 (37.7) | 204.5 (39.7) | 0.73 | 205.0 (40.0) | 214.0 (33.5) | 207.4 (37.5) | 0.10 |
Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 121.2 (105.1) | 143.9 (41.2) | 139.1 (74.2) | 0.05 | 84.3 (45.3) | 107.7 (53.4) | 127.2 (88.7) | < .001 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 42.7 (11.7) | 41.2 (11.1) | 39.9 (9.6) | 0.02 | 53.7 (14.0) | 50.4 (12.9) | 46.6 (10.8) | < .001 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 129.4 (31.7) | 127.0 (33.9) | 133.5 (36.3) | 0.20 | 125.3 (34.8) | 134.6 (27.8) | 129.9 (36.2) | 0.03 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.2 (10.4) | 83.0 (10.4) | 83.4 (11.3) | 0.002 | 72.7 (11.2) | 76.3 (13.6) | 77.8 (11.6) | < .001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 133.2 (19.1) | 138.1 (19.1) | 140.6 (19.9) | < .001 | 125.6 (18.6) | 134.1 (22.7) | 136.8 (22.2) | < .001 |
Family history of diabetes (%)†| 80 (26.8) | 29 (23.6) | 47 (23.3) | 0.62 | 93 (28.2) | 19 (16.5) | 59 (26.7) | 0.04 |
Diabetes (%)†| 35 (11.7) | 12 (10.2) | 43 (20.7) | 0.006 | 17 (5.2) | 14 (11.6) | 41 (19.1) | < 0.001 |
Antidiabetes medication (%)†| 26 (8.7) | 5 (4.2) | 30 (14.4) | 0.031 | 12 (3.6) | 5 (4.1) | 26 (12.1) | < 0.001 |
Antihypertension medication (%)†| 47 (16.0) | 31 (27.0) | 61 (29.6) | < 0.001 | 39 (12.0) | 26 (21.9) | 58 (27.2) | < 0.001 |
Antihyperlipid medication (%)†| 17 (5.9) | 8 (7.0) | 22 (10.8) | 0.126 | 11 (3.4) | 6 (5.1) | 13 (6.2) | 0.296 |
Metabolic syndrome (%)†| 106 (35.5) | 51 (43.2) | 116 (55.8) | < 0.001 | 56 (17.0) | 55 (45.5) | 112 (52.1) | < 0.001 |
Arterial stiffness †| 16 (5.4) | 6 (4.9) | 15 (7.4) | 0.55 | 24 (7.3) | 7 (6.1) | 18 (8.1) | 0.79 |
PVD †| 198 (67.1) | 85 (65.1) | 165 (86.8) | 0.001 | 155 (47.4) | 68 (59.1) | 155 (71.1) | < .001 |
Microalbuminuria (ACR≧30 μg/min)†| 45 (15.1) | 21 (17.1) | 52 (25.6) | 0.01 | 52 (15.8) | 36 (31.3) | 68 (31.2) | < .001 |
High Framingham risk factors (%)†| 76 (25.4) | 37 (30.1) | 79 (43.8) | < .001 | 79 (23.9) | 45 (39.1) | 117 (52.9) | < .001 |
%body fat mass | 25.1 (5.0) | 27.1 (5.8) | 28.1 (5.5) | < .001 | 34.2 (5.2) | 37.8 (4.9) | 39.1 (5.9) | < .001 |