Municipality Family Income | Educational level | Social Class | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 651) | (n = 643) | (n = 511) | ||||||||||||||
High MFI | Low MFI | ≤ primary | ≥secondary | Class I-Vb | Class V | |||||||||||
n = 115 | n = 536 | n = 542 | n = 101 | n = 325 | n = 186 | |||||||||||
n | (%) | n | (%) | p | n | (%) | n | (%) | p | n | (%) | n | (%) | p | ||
Sex: male | 69 | (60.0) | 335 | (62.5) | 0.616 | 317 | (58.5) | 82 | (81.2) | ≤0.001 | 269 | (82.8) | 123 | (66.1) | ≤0.001 | |
Age (years) | M (range) | 78 (66-96) | 76.5 (65-100) | 0.075 | 77 (65-100) | 76 (65-94) | 0.033 | 76 (65-96) | 78 (65-100) | 0.029 | ||||||
Living alone | 22 | (19.1) | 55 | (10.3) | 0.008 | 65 | (12.0) | 12 | (11.9) | 0.975 | 37 | (11.4) | 21 | (11.3) | 0.974 | |
Alcohol consumption | 3 | (2.6) | 48 | (10.7) | 0.007 | 44 | (9.5) | 7 | (7.2) | 0.470 | 35 | (12.3) | 14 | (8.7) | 0.245 | |
Smoker or ex-smoker | 64 | (55.7) | 278 | (52.2) | 0.496 | 260 | (48.1) | 77 | (76.2) | ≤0.001 | 228 | (70.4) | 91 | (48.9) | ≤0.001 | |
Admitting Hospital | ≤0.001 | ≤0.001 | ≤0.001 | |||||||||||||
1 | 102 | (88.7) | 15 | (2.8) | 75 | (13.8) | 42 | (41.6) | 78 | (24.0) | 18 | (9.7) | ||||
2 | 4 | (3.5) | 159 | (29.7) | 150 | (27.7) | 13 | (12.9) | 104 | (32.0) | 36 | (19.4) | ||||
3 | 0 | (0) | 233 | (43.5) | 189 | (34.9) | 36 | (35.6) | 91 | (28.0) | 90 | (48.4) | ||||
4 | 0 | (0) | 48 | (9.0) | 44 | (8.1) | 4 | (4.0) | 21 | (6.5) | 16 | (8.6) | ||||
5 | 9 | (7.8) | 81 | (15.1) | 84 | (15.5) | 6 | (5.9) | 31 | (9.5) | 26 | (14.0) | ||||
Underlying diseasesa | 77 | (67.0) | 383 | (71.5) | 0.336 | 385 | (71.0) | 67 | (66.3) | 0.343 | 238 | (73.2) | 128 | (68.8) | 0.287 | |
Heart failure | 18 | (15.7) | 46 | (8.6) | 0.021 | 54 | (10.0) | 10 | (9.9) | 0.985 | 33 | (10.2) | 14 | (7.5) | 0.323 | |
COPD | 26 | (22.6) | 195 | (36.4) | 0.005 | 189 | (34.9) | 29 | (28.7) | 0.230 | 134 | (41.2) | 64 | (34.4) | 0.128 | |
PSI | RC ≥ 4 | 54 | (73.0) | 321 | (62.3) | 0.075 | 312 | (62.5) | 55 | (67.1) | 0.429 | 193 | (67.2) | 103 | (59.9) | 0.111 |
Combined antibiotic treatment | 58 | (50.4) | 193 | (36.0) | 0.004 | 209 | (38.6) | 39 | (38.6) | 0.992 | 132 | (40.6) | 65 | (34.9) | 0.205 | |
Bacteremic pneumoniab | 12 | (14.5) | 43 | (13.4) | 0.794 | 43 | (13.0) | 11 | (15.7) | 0.551 | 30 | (13.7) | 12 | (11.0) | 0.492 | |
Empyema | 5 | (4.3) | 12 | (2.2) | 0.200 | 13 | (2.4) | 4 | (4.0) | 0.323 | 10 | (3.1) | 4 | (2.2) | 0.537 | |
Pneumonia outcomes | ||||||||||||||||
LOS (days) | M (range) | 8 (3-51) | 8 (1-95) | 0.464 | 8 (1-93) | 7 (2-95) | 0.387 | 8 (1-95) | 8 (2-57) | 0.306 | ||||||
Mortality | 8 | (7.0) | 33 | (6.2) | 0.749 | 32 | (5.9) | 5 | (5.0) | 0.706 | 22 | (6.8) | 5 | (2.7) | 0.047 | |
Readmission c | 14 | (13.3) | 50 | (10.0) | 0.316 | 49 | (9.7) | 15 | (15.6) | 0.086 | 34 | (11.4) | 20 | (11.0) | 0.827 | |
ICU | 19 | (16.5) | 32 | (6.0) | ≤0.001 | 39 | (7.2) | 9 | (8.9) | 0.547 | 28 | (8.6) | 7 | (3.8) | 0.037 |