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Table 4 Relationships between use of psychotropics and risk of fractures in men

From: Psychotropic drugs and the risk of fractures in old age: a prospective population-based study

Drug

Number of fracture cases No. (%)/controls No. (%)

Univariate analysis

Age-adjusted analysis

Adjusted analysisa

  

RR (95% CI)

P-value

RR (95% CI)

P-value

RR (95% CI)

P-value

3-year follow-up

One BZD

7 (9.2)/20 (5.7)

1.7 (0.7-4.1)

.21

1.4 (0.6-3.4)

.44

-

-

One AP

2 (6.5)/20 (5.7)

1.3 (0.3-5.4)

.76

0.9 (0.2-4.1)

.93

-

-

One AD

1 (7.1)/20 (5.7)

1.3 (0.2-9.5)

.81

1.0 (0.1-7.9)

.97

-

-

Two or more BZDs

3 (23.1)/20 (5.7)

4.9 (1.4-16.4)

.01

4.7 (1.4-15.7)

.01

4.7 (1.4-16.3)

.01

Two or more APs

1 (20.0)/20 (5.7)

7.0 (0.9-52.0)

.06

9.4 (1.2-71.1)

.03

8.3 (1.0-66.2)

.05

Two or more ADs

0 (0.0)/20 (5.7)

-

-

-

-

-

-

BZD and APb

2 (10.5)/20 (5.7)

2.3 (0.5 - 9.8)

.27

2.5 (0.8-8.4)

.13

-

-

BZD and ADb

1 (10.0)/20 (5.7)

1.9 (0.3-14.2)

.53

1.5 (0.2-11.3)

.67

-

-

AP and ADb

1 (20.0)/20 (5.7)

4.9 (0.7-36.6)

.12

4.9 (0.7-36.0)

.12

-

-

6-year follow-up

One BZD

11 (14.5)/29 (8.3)

2.1 (1.1-4.3)

.03

1.8 (0.9-3.7)

.09

-

-

One AP

4 (12.9)/29 (8.3)

2.0 (0.7-5.6)

.20

1.6 (0.6-4.8)

.37

-

-

One AD

1 (7.1)/29 (8.3)

1.0 (0.1-7.1)

.98

0.9 (0.1-6.6)

.91

-

-

Two or more BZDs

4 (30.8)/29 (8.3)

5.5 (1.9-15.8)

.001

5.7 (2.0-16.2)

.001

5.8 (2.0-16.6)

.001

Two or more APs

1 (20.0)/29 (8.3)

6.2 (0.8-45.5)

.07

7.6 (1.0-56.7)

.05

7.9 (1.1-59.0)

.04

Two or more ADs

0 (0.0)/29 (8.3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

BZD and APb

3 (15.8)/29 (8.3)

2.8 (0.7-9.3)

.09

2.5 (0.8-8.4)

.13

-

-

BZD and ADb

1 (10.0)/29 (8.3)

1.6 (0.2-11.8)

.64

1.5 (0.2-11.3)

.67

-

-

AP and ADb

1 (20.0)/29 (8.3)

4.8 (0.7-35.5)

.12

4.9 (0.7-36.0)

.12

-

-

  1. a adjusted for age, amount of depressive symptoms in Zung Self-rating Depression Scale and a compression fracture in one or more upper lumbar or thoracic vertebras at baseline
  2. b persons using concomitantly one drug or more drugs from each subgroup
  3. BZD = benzodiazepine derivative or related drug; AP = antipsychotic drug; AD = antidepressant; P-value = statistical significance; RR = relative risk; CI = confidence interval