| Baseline sample characteristics by ascertainment of vital status at follow up | Baseline sample characteristics by gender, for those whose vital status was known. | Baseline sample characteristics by household assets, for those whose vital status was known. | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Vital Status known (n = 748) | Vital Status not known (n = 257) | χ2, df (p-value) | Female (n = 422) | Male (n = 316) | χ2, df (p-value) | Fewest assets - 4 or fewer (n = 459) | Most assets - 5 or more (n = 289) | χ2, df (p-value) |
Age - mean (SD) | 71.4 (6.1) | 71.3 (6.2) | 0.31, 1001 (0.78) | 71.0 (5.8) | 71.8 (6.3) | 1.91, 644 (0.05) | 70.9 (5.9) | 72.2 (6.2) | 2.91, 744 (0.004) |
Female (%) | 422 (57.2%) | 149 (59.1%) | 0.3, 1 (0.59) | - | - | - | 272 (60.0%) | 150 (52.6%) | 3.9, 1, (0.05) |
Education | Â | Â | 0.0, 1 (0.98) | Â | Â | 71.9, 1 (< 0.001) | Â | Â | 101.5, 1, (< 0.001) |
None | 314 (42.1%) | 114 (44.4%) | Â | 240 (57.0%) | 72 (22.8%) | Â | 245 (53.5 | 69 (24.0%) | Â |
Some | 178 (23.9%) | 56 (21.8%) | Â | 78 (18.5%) | 98 (31.0%) | Â | 111 (24.3%) | 67 (23.3%) | Â |
Primary | 160 (21.4%) | 52 (20.2%) | Â | 74 (17.6%) | 84 (26.6%) | Â | 77 (16.8%) | 83 (28.8%) | Â |
Secondary | 66 (8.8%) | 21 (8.2%) | Â | 20 (4.8%) | 44 (13.9%) | Â | 23 (5.0%) | 43 (14.9%) | Â |
Tertiary | 28 (3.8%) | 14 (5.4%) | Â | 9 (2.1%) | 18 (5.7%) | Â | 2 (0.4%) | 26 (9.0%) | Â |
Marital status | Â | Â | 6.0, 3 (0.11) | Â | Â | 184.0, 3 (< 0.001) | Â | Â | 10.1, 3, (0.02) |
Never married | 12 (1.6%) | 9 (3.5%) | Â | 5 (1.2%) | 6 (1.9%) | Â | 8 (1.7%) | 4 (1.4%) | Â |
Married | 382 (51.1%) | 141 (55.3%) | Â | 125 (29.6%) | 250 (79.1%) | Â | 215 (46.8%) | 167 (58.0%) | Â |
Widowed | 330 (44.2%) | 96 (37.6%) | Â | 275 (65.2%) | 54 (17.1%) | Â | 218 (47.5%) | 112 (38.9%) | Â |
Divorced/separated | 23 (3.1%) | 9 (3.5%) | Â | 17 (4.0%) | 6 (1.9%) | Â | 18 (3.9%) | 5 (1.7%) | Â |
Assets | Â | Â | 0.86, 1 (0.35) | Â | Â | 5.0, 1 (0.03) | Â | Â | Â |
1st quarter | 90 (12.0%) | 42 (16.5%) | Â | 52 (12.4%) | 37 (11.7%) | Â | - | - | Â |
2nd quarter | 368 (49.3%) | 122 (48.0%) | Â | 219 (52.0%) | 144 (45.6%) | Â | - | - | Â |
3rd quarter | 105 (14.1%) | 25 (9.8%) | Â | 63 (15.0%) | 42 (13.3%) | Â | - | - | Â |
4th quarter | 184 (24.6%) | 65 (25.6%) | Â | 67 (20.7%) | 93 (29.4%) | Â | - | - | Â |
Smoking : | Â | Â | 0.9, 2 (0.65) | Â | Â | 161.5, 2 (< 0.001) | Â | Â | 19.2, 2, (< 0.001) |
Never smoker | 548 (73.8%) | 182 (71.7%) | Â | 381 (90.9%) | 162 (51.3%) | Â | 316 (69.1%) | 232 (81.1%) | Â |
Ex-smoker | 65 (8.7%) | 21 (8.3%) | Â | 0 (0.0%) | 62 (19.6%) | Â | 39 (8.5%) | 26 (9.1%) | Â |
Current smoker | 130 (17.5%) | 51 (20.1%) | Â | 38 (9.1%) | 92 (29.1%) | Â | 102 (22.3%) | 28 (9.8%) | Â |
Alcohol use | Â | Â | 0.4, 1 (0.51) | Â | Â | 102.1, 1 (< 0.001) | Â | Â | 0.6, 1, (0.43) |
Always abstinent | 559 (83.9%) | 174 (83.7%) | Â | 364 (99.2%) | 194 (65.1%) | Â | 338 (83.0%) | 221 (85.3%) | Â |
Moderate drinker, abstinent after the age of 65 | 45 (6.8%) | 15 (7.2%) | Â | 2 (0.5%) | 43 (14.4%) | Â | 29 (7.1%) | 16 (6.2%) | Â |
Consistent moderate drinker | 26 (3.9%) | 13 (6.3%) | Â | 0 (0.0%) | 26 (8.7%) | Â | 16 (3.9%) | 10 (3.9%) | Â |
Heavy drinker and/or sought treatment | 36 (5.4%) | 6 (2.9%) | Â | 1 (0.3%) | 35 (11.7%) | Â | 24 (5.9%) | 12 (4.6%) | Â |
Physically inactive | 160 (21.5%) | 58 (23.0%) | 0.3, 1 (0.61) | 101 (23.9%) | 58 (18.4%) | 3.3, 1 (0.07) | 107 (23.4%) | 53 (18.5%) | 2.5, 1, (0.11) |
Waist circumference - mean (SD) | 83.2 (11.1) | 81.5 (11.5) | 2.01, 987 (0.05) | 82.5 (10.9) | 84.0 (11.1) | 1.71, 725 (0.08) | 81.4 (10.9) | 85.8 (11.2) | 5.21, 744, (< 0.001) |
Arm circumference - mean (SD) | 23.8 (4.2) | 23.3 (3.8) | 1.61, 991 (0.11) | 23.4 (3.9) | 24.2 (3.9) | 2.81, 728 (0.006) | 22.8 (3.4) | 25.3 (4.8) | 8.41, 744, (< 0.001) |
ICD-10 Depression | 25 (3.3%) | 14 (5.4%) | 2.3, 1 (0.13) | 13 (3.1%) | 12 (3.8%) | 0.3, 1 (0.59) | 18 (3.9%) | 7 (2.4%) | 1.2, 1, (0.27) |
Dementia | 54 (7.2%) | 21 (8.2%) | 0.3, 1 (0.62) | 33 (7.8%) | 21 (6.6%) | 0.4, 1 (0.54) | 37 (8.1%) | 17 (5.9%) | 1.3, 1, (0.26) |
Hypertension | 454 (60.7%) | 144 (56.0%) | 1.7, 1 (0.19) | 261 (61.8%) | 188 (59.5%) | 0.4, 1 (0.52) | 257 (56.0%) | 197 (68.2%) | 11.0, 1, (0.001) |
Stroke | 17 (2.3%) | 3 (1.2%) | 1.2, 1 (0.27) | 6 (1.4%) | 9 (2.8%) | 1.8, 1 (0.17) | 9 (2.0%) | 8 (2.8%) | 0.5, 1, (0.47) |
Ischaemic heart disease | 38 (5.1%) | 11 (4.3%) | 0.3, 1 (0.61) | 14 (3.3%) | 24 (7.6%) | 6.8, 1 (0.009) | 19 (4.1%) | 19 (6.6%) | 2.2, 1, (0.14) |
Diabetes | 92 (12.3%) | 29 (11.3%) | 0.2, 1 (0.66) | 51 (12.1%) | 40 (12.7%) | 0.1, 1 (0.81) | 46 (10.0%) | 46 (16.0%) | 5.8, 1, (0.02) |
Three or more limiting physical impairments | 30 (4.0%) | 11 (4.3%) | 0.0, 1 (0.85) | 16 (3.8%) | 13 (4.1%) | 0.1, 1 (0.82) | 10 (2.2%) | 20 (6.9%) | 10.4, 1, (0.001) |
Self-rated health | Â | Â | 2.4, 1 (0.12) | Â | Â | 14.3, 1 (< 0.001) | Â | Â | 0.0, 1, 0.95 |
Very good | 321 (43.0%) | 97 (37.9%) | Â | 165 (39.1%) | 153 (48.4%) | Â | 197 (42.9%) | 124 (43.1%) | Â |
Good | 269 (36.0%) | 98 (38.3%) | Â | 149 (35.3%) | 115 (36.4%) | Â | 165 (35.9%) | 104 (36.1%) | Â |
Moderate | 126 (16.9%) | 46 (18.0%) | Â | 83 (19.7%) | 43 (13.6%) | Â | 78 (17.0%) | 48 (16.7%) | Â |
Bad or very bad | 31 (4.1%) | 15 (5.9%) | Â | 25 (5.9%) | 5 (1.6%) | Â | 19 (4.1%) | 12 (4.2%) | Â |
Disability - mean (SD) | 10.7 (15.2) | 10.1 (16.2) | 0.51, 999 (0.61) | 12.1 (16.1) | 8.6 (13.1) | Â | 10.9 (15.7) | 10.4 (14.3) | 0.41, 744, (0.70) |