Table 2 Characteristics of selected studies and AIDS prevalence among men who have sex with men from Brazil, 1998-2009.
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Characteristics of Study Population | Sexual behavior and HIV infection | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Source | N | State | Design (Period) | Age | Ethnicity (%) | Condom use (%) | HIV prevalence | Variables associated with prevalent HIV |
Tun et al. [49] | 658 | Campinas | Cross-sectional (2006) | Median: 23 | NA | Unprotected sex | Overall sample: 7% (5-11%) | NA |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | MSM engaged in sex work: | Â | Â |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |    Insertive anal sex: 21.0% | MSM engaged in sex work: 14% |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |    Receptive anal sex: 22.0% |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |    Vaginal sex: 23.0% |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | MSM not engaged in sex work: | MSM not engaged in sex work: 6% | Â |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |    Insertive anal sex: 5.0% |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |    Receptive anal sex: 5.0% | Participants between 14-19 years: 4% |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |    Vaginal sex: 6.0% |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Unprotected receptive anal sex with at least one partner: 30% (CI: 26-35%) | Â | Â |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Unprotected receptive anal sex with ≥ 2 partners: 7% (4-10%) |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Unprotected anal/vaginal sex with female, previous 2 months: 75% (37-91%) | Â | Â |
Ferreira et al. [50] | 1872 | Brazil | Cross-sectional (2000-01) | 28 ± 8.2 | Non white: 51.1% | Always use condom: 36.4% | 51.9% | NA |
Szwarcwald et al.[51] | 8983 | Brazil | Cross-sectional (2002) | 17-20 years: 94.0% | NA | Always use condom: 34.1% | 0.564 (0.278-0.850) | NA |
Schechter et al. [52] | 200 | Rio de Janeiro | Prospective cohort (1998-2001) | 28 | White: 47.0% | Unprotected anal sex, previous 6 months: | NA5 | NA |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Black: 21.0% | PEP5 : 47.1% | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Mulatto: 7.0% | Non-PEP: 36.4% | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Others: 26.0% | Â | Â | Â |
Barcellos et al. [53] | 4616 | Porto Alegre | Cross-sectional (1996) | NA | NA | NA | 24.1% | NA |
Carneiro et al. [54] | 621 | Belo Horizonte | Cross-sectional (1994-1999) | Mean: 28 | NA | NA | 9.8% | Unprotected sex w/occasional partner: AOR7 : = 3.7 (: 1.1 -11.9) Receptive anal sex w/occasional partner: AOR = 2.8 (0.9- 8.9) Black vs. Non-black: AOR = 3.4 (1.3-10.6) |
Sutmöller et al.[55] | 1165 | Rio de Janeiro | Prospective cohort8 (1994-1998) | Range: 18-50 | NA | NA | 24.1% | NA |
Carneiro et al. [56] | 470 | Belo Horizonte | Cross-sectional (1994-1999) | 26.9 ± 6.8 | Mulatto: 51.8% White: 40.9% Black: 7.3% | Unprotected anal sex with occasional partner: 41.3%9 | NA | NA |
Brazilian Ministry of Health [57] | 642 | São Paulo | Cross-sectional (1994-1999) | 28 | NA | Stable partner | 8.8% | NA |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Receptive anal sex: 33.9% | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Insertive anal sex: 36.0% | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Occasional partner | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Receptive anal sex: 13.7% | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Insertive anal sex: 15.3% | Â | Â |
Harrison et al. [58] | 849 | Rio de Janeiro | Prospective cohort10 (1995-97) | HIV+: 28.8 | HIV+: 63.6% | Unprotected receptive anal sex: | 11.7% | Penile or anal lesion (p < 0.01) |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | HIV-: 28.2 | HIV-: 50.7 | HIV+: 59.6% | Â | Hepatitis B seropositivity (p < 0.01) |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | HIV-: 43.6% | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Unprotected insertive anal sex: | Â | History of syphilis (p < 0.01) |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | HIV+: 34.3% | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | HIV-: 30.8% | Â | Â |