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Table 2 Descriptive characteristics of self-reported weekly food intake, exercise and sleep patterns in males and females; n = 5033, 4400 respectively.

From: Sugar-sweetened carbonated beverage consumption correlates with BMI, waist circumference, and poor dietary choices in school children

 

Age Group 10-13

Age Group 14-16

Age Group 17-19

Total

Overall Sig.

 

Males

Females

Males

Females

Males

Females

  

n

1896

1459

1770

1661

1367

1280

9433

 

Waist Circumference (cm)

69.58

66.30

79.06

70.77

84.38

70.89

73.38

<.0001

 

12.36 a

10.11 b

14.64 c

10.79 a

15.23 d

11.07 a

13.92 e

 

BMI (kg/m2)

20.41

20.62

23.39

23.13

25.56

23.69

22.67

<.0001

 

5.52 a

5.37 a

6.5 b

5.73 bd

7.37 c

5.64 b

6.3 d

 

Sugar-sweetened carbonated beverage

6.39

6.02

8.89

6.78

9.59

7.03

7.42

<.0001

 

5.34 ab

5.34 a

6.46 d

5.3b f

6.96 c

5.81 ef

6.02 e

 

Diet carbonated beverage

1.53

1.13

1.28

0.96

1.51

0.92

1.23

<.0001

 

2.83 a

2.34 bd

2.68 ad

2.12 b

3.58 a

2.5 b

2.71 d

 

Fruit Juice

3.76

4.10

3.75

3.77

3.85

3.96

3.85

<0.004

 

2.86 a

2.55 bc

2.92 a

2.57 a

3.15 ac

2.71 ac

2.8 a

 

Milk, Full-Fat

2.84

2.11

2.71

1.84

2.75

1.93

2.39

<.0001

 

3.2 a

2.82 b

3.37 a

2.58 b

3.5 a

2.57 b

3.07 c

 

Milk, Low-Fat

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.002

0.02

0.02

0.118

 

0.68 a

0.33 a

0.25 a

0.37 a

0.06 a

0.3 a

0.4 a

 

Added sugar in hot beverages (g)

12.08

7.36

18.08

11.54

27.18

16.62

15.19

<.0001

 

30.24 a

13.93 b

32.04 c

17.62 a

58.16 d

26.31 ce

32.88 e

 

Fast Food Meals

3.88

4.93

4.21

4.67

4.24

5.15

4.47

<.0001

 

3.7 a

4.4 be

3.74 ad

4.07 ce

3.88 ac

4.53 b

4.05 cd

 

Pizza

1.30

1.34

1.10

1.15

0.99

1.14

1.18

<.0001

 

1.49 a

1.39 a

1.27 bc

1.27 bd

1.22 c

1.28 cd

1.34 bd

 

Savory snacks

4.96

5.31

4.68

5.33

3.98

5.27

4.93

<.0001

 

3.52 ad

3.4 ac

3.61 d

3.21 bc

3.58 e

3.41 ac

3.49 d

 

Sweet Snacks

2.90

3.20

2.79

3.13

2.59

3.04

2.94

<.0001

 

3.01 abc

3.13 b

3.03 ac

3.17 bd

3.01 c

2.96 ba

3.06 ad

 

Ice cream desserts

2.75

3.10

2.55

2.88

2.04

2.62

2.67

<.0001

 

3.01 ac

2.58 b

2.57 c

2.4 ab

2.15 d

2.45 ac

2.58 c

 

Fruit1

12.64

10.54

11.17

8.87

10.70

8.64

10.55

<.0001

 

8.73 a

7.17 bd

8.39 b

6.71 c

8.34 bd

6.69 c

7.9 d

 

Vegetables2

6.54

6.32

5.66

5.80

5.32

5.92

5.95

<.0001

 

4.88 a

4.38 ad

4.4 bc

4.12 b

4.37 c

4.24 bd

4.44 b

 

Local rice dishes

4.48

3.86

4.81

4.31

5.38

4.50

4.55

<.0001

 

2.81 ad

2.71 b

2.82 c

2.62 d

2.75 e

2.58 ad

2.76 a

 

Fish

1.03

0.92

0.88

0.78

0.77

0.78

0.87

<.0001

 

1.37 a

1.29 ac

1.22 bc

1.14 b

1.14 b

1.18 b

1.24 bc

 

Eggs

2.81

2.38

2.48

2.08

2.51

2.08

2.41

<.0001

 

2.42 a

2.24 b

2.3 b

2.13 c

2.31 b

2 c

2.26 b

 

Cheese

3.66

3.78

3.86

3.83

3.90

4.07

3.84

<0.006

 

2.89 a

2.61 ab

3.08 ab

2.63 ab

2.64 ab

2.64 b

2.78 ab

 

Sliced Bread

1.43

1.04

1.38

1.13

1.32

1.15

1.25

<.0001

 

2.21 a

1.89 b

2.22 ac

2.05 bd

2.15 ad

1.98 bd

2.1 cd

 

Cereal, sweetened

1.37

1.34

0.91

0.82

0.58

0.59

0.96

<.0001

 

2.22 a

2.08 a

1.93 c

1.61 c

1.49 d

1.31 d

1.86 bc

 

Cereal, unsweetened

0.98

1.03

0.72

0.65

0.46

0.59

0.75

<.0001

 

1.85 a

1.86 a

1.64 bd

1.46 bd

1.33 c

1.37 dc

1.63 b

 

Total Energy (kcal)

2624.4

2560.2

2710.4

2526.6

2733.0

2554.0

2619.5

<.0001

 

1226.15 ab

1191.6 b

1221.7 ac

1139.2 b

1197.31 a

1162.8 b

1194.5 bc

 

Total Sugar (g)

172.29

169.34

181.36

163.29

182.95

164.73

172.47

<.0001

 

85.41 ae

81.73 ce

87.92 d

79.1 c

91.04 bd

81.84 ac

84.93 e

 

Total Fat (g)

102.95

102.29

105.76

102.01

105.90

103.17

103.67

0.157

 

51.08 a

50.11 a

50.7 a

48.67 a

48.75 a

49.41 a

49.89 a

 

Total Saturated Fat (g)

34.72

34.81

35.06

34.17

34.50

34.14

34.59

0.695

 

17.15 a

16.78 a

16.73 a

16.17 a

15.91 a

16.12 a

16.53 a

 

Number of exercise occasions

2.36

1.09

2.05

0.89

1.71

0.75

1.54

<.0001

 

1.85 a

1.35 b

1.81 c

1.18 d

1.71 e

1.1 d

1.67 g

 

Children performing no exercise3

254

486

301

662

317

611

2,631

<0.05

 

(13.4)a

(33.3)b

(17)c

(39.9)d

(23.2)e

(47.7)f

(27.9)g

 

< 6 hours of night-time sleep3

599

553

678

787

678

717

4,012

<0.05

 

(31.6)a

(37.9)b

(38.3)b

(47.4)c

(49.6)c

(56)d

(42.5)e

 

≥ 1 hours of day-time sleep3

1450

1215

1519

1556

1244

1219

8203

<0.05

 

(76.5)a

(83.3)be

(85.8)b

(93.7)cd

(91)c

(95.2)d

(87.9)e

 
  1. Data are presented as either means and standard deviation for continuous variables; or N (%) for categorical variables. Uncommon letters denote statistically significant differences abcdefg (P < 0.05).
  2. 1 Combination of dates, apples, oranges and bananas
  3. 2 Combination of carrots, salad and corn
  4. 3 P-values based on z-test for column proportions, adjusted by Bonferroni's correction for multiplicity.