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Table 3 The Relationships between problematic cellular phone use and adverse mental health conditions in adolescent girls and boys at 15 years or older

From: The association between problematic cellular phone use and risky behaviors and low self-esteem among Taiwanese adolescents

 

Girls ≥ 15 years

Boys ≥ 15 years

 

z

OR (95% CI)

z

OR (95% CI)

Perpetrated aggression

3.883***

1.870 (1.363-2.565)

4.663***

1.788 (1.401-2.282)

Victim of aggression

3.796***

2.026 (1.406-2.915)

2.801**

1.624 (1.157-2.280)

Had a tattoo

1.127

1.719 (0.670-4.411)

4.894***

5.349(2.732-10.465)

Had insomnia

4.845***

1.870 (1.452-2.408)

6.596***

2.509 (1.910-3.300)

Short nocturnal sleep duration

0.780

1.125 (0.836-1.516)

3.943***

1.933 (1.392-2.680)

Low self-esteem

4.078***

1.745 (1.335-2.280)

4.970***

1.984 (1.514-2.599)

Smoked cigarettes

2.202*

2.151 (1.088-4.255)

5.271***

2.467 (1.763-3.452)

Chewed betel nuts

0.049

1.129(0.009-137.827)

4.501***

3.414 (2.000-5.830)

Consumed alcohol

1.509

1.682 (0.856-3.304)

6.525***

2.904 (2.109-3.999)

Used illicit drugs

1.173

2.377 (0.559-10.125)

3.789***

3.593 (1.855-6.966)

Suspended from school

1.114

1.426 (0.763-2.664)

2.374*

2.188 (1.147-4.175)

Had suicidal tendencies

4.794***

1.835 (1.432-2.351)

3.931***

2.208 (1.487-3.277)

Had a criminal record

0.140

1.153 (0.158-8.423)

3.547***

2.586(1.530-4.371)

Had unprotected sex

4.715***

2.933 (1.876-4.586)

4.512***

3.149(1.914-5.186)

  1. *: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001