Table 3 Association between number of categories of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the prevalence and risk of selected smoking behaviors among 17,337 adults
|  |  | Early Smoking Initiation | Initiated Smoking After Age 18 yrs‡ | Ever Smoked | Current Smoker | Heavy Smoker§ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Categories of ACEs, No. | N | Prevalence | OR(95% CI)* | Prevalence | OR (95% CI)* | Prevalence†| OR (95% CI)* | Prevalence†| OR (95% CI)* | Prevalence†| OR (95% CI)* |
   0 | 6255 | 3.2 | 1.00 (referent) | 27.1 | 1.00 (referent) | 33.7 | 1.00 (referent) | 7.0 | 1.00 (referent) | 2.0 | 1.00 (referent) |
   1 | 4514 | 4.9 | 1.53 (1.26, 1.87) | 28.2 | 1.15 (1.04, 1.28) | 39.9 | 1.29 (1.19, 1.40) | 8.8 | 1.10 (0.95, 1.28) | 2.5 | 1.12 (0.88, 1.43) |
   2 | 2758 | 6.1 | 1.88 (1.51, 2.32) | 29.0 | 1.32 (1.17, 1.50) | 45.6 | 1.62 (1.47, 1.78) | 10.5 | 1.28 (1.09, 1.52) | 3.6 | 1.38 (1.06, 1.80) |
   3 | 1650 | 8.2 | 2.69 (2.14, 3.39) | 31.0 | 1.56 (1.34, 1.81) | 50.7 | 1.91 (1.70, 2.14) | 13.8 | 1.60 (1.33, 1.93) | 5.0 | 2.05 (1.55, 2.72) |
   4 or 5 | 1690 | 10.3 | 3.55 (2.85, 4.42) | 28.8 | 1.56 (1.33, 1.83) | 55.1 | 2.44 (2.17, 2.74) | 13.9 | 1.78 (1.49, 2.13) | 5.4 | 2.39 (1.83, 3.13) |
   6, 7, or 8 | 470 | 17.9 | 7.06 (5.27, 9.45) | 30.7 | 1.93 (1.45, 2.58) | 61.4 | 3.27 (2.67, 4.01) | 17.0 | 2.08 (1.59, 2.72) | 6.3 | 2.46 (1.63, 3.71) |