Vitamin A supplementation coverage and associated factors for children aged 6 to 59 months in integrated and campaign-based delivery systems in four sub-Saharan African countries

Table 2 Vitamin A supplementation according to socio-demographic characteristics and maternal knowledge

	Mozambique ¹	Senegal ²	Sierra Leone ³	Tanzania ⁴
	Child received VAS [n (%)]	Child received VAS [n (%)]	Child received VAS [n (%)]	Child received VAS [n (%)]
Area
Rural Urban	556 (40.4) 166 (58.5) ***	2583 (44.4) 784 (54.8) ***	2424 (86.5) 1177 (87.3)	784 (43.6) 589 (39.7)
Child sex
Female Male	362 (43.0) 360 (44.1)	1598 (45.7) 1769 (47.0)	1767 (86.5) 1834 (87.0)	651 (41.6) 722 (42.1)
Child age
6–11 months 12–23 months 24–59 months	122 (59.2) 204 (53.7) 396 (36.9) ***	596 (65.1) ^, * 965 (55.7) *** 1806 (39.2)	310 (83.8) 881 (88.5) 2410 (86.6)	175 (49.7) 388 (48.3) 810 (38.1) ^, *
Mother’s age
15–19 years 20–29 years 30–39 years ≥ 40 years	37 (46.3) 290 (45.5) 118 (43.7) 31 (47.0)	154 (43.6) 1674 (46.1) 1157 (48.2) 208 (45.7)	N/A	24 (37.5) 589 (43.6) 444 (46.3) 117 (41.8)
Mother’s education
None Primary Secondary or higher	183 (40.0) 229 (42.5) 117 (54.9) **	2159 (43.5) ^, * 553 (50.3) ** 481 (62.1)	N/A	162 (46.6) 783 (44.0) 229 (43.6)
Household wealth
Very poor Poor Medium Rich Very rich	40 (47.6) 0 (0.0) 340 (38.2) ^, ** 177 (52.4) 165 (47.7)	448 (31.6) *** 654 (44.9) ^, 696 (48.9) 728 (49.1) ** 841 (57.1)	398 (86.0) 535 (87.7) 0 (0.0) 981 (85.5) 1138 (87.7)	312 (43.0) 309 (42.5) 271 (42.2) 250 (41.5) 231 (39.6)
Mother’s VAS knowledge
Yes No	430 (54.9) *** 99 (23.2)	929 (68.0) *** 2264 (41.4)	2181 (87.1) 461 (89.0)	790 (83.9) *** 384 (22.4)
VAS % (CI)	42.8 (40.2, 45.6)	46.1 (44.9, 47.4)	86.9 (85.8, 87.9)	42.4 (40.2, 44.6)

VAS, vitamin A supplementation; CI, confidence interval. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
¹ For Mozambique: rural vs. urban (p < 0.001), 6–11 months vs. 24–59 months (p < 0.001), 12–23 months vs. 24–59 months (p < 0.001),
none vs. secondary/higher education (p = 0.001), primary vs. secondary/higher education (p = 0.005), medium vs. rich (p < 0.001),
medium vs. very rich (p = 0.012), VAS knowledge vs. no VAS knowledge (p < 0.001)
² For Senegal: rural vs. urban (p < 0.001), 6–11 months vs. 12–23 months (p = 0.001), 6–11 months vs. 24–59 months (p < 0.001),
12–23 months vs. 24–59 months (p < 0.001), none vs. primary education (p = 0.007), none vs. secondary/higher education (p < 0.001),
primary vs. secondary/higher education (p = 0.002), very poor vs. all wealth quintiles (p < 0.001), poor vs. medium (p = 0.043), poor vs. rich
(p = 0.015), poor vs. very rich (p < 0.001), medium vs. very rich (p = 0.003), rich vs. very rich (p = 0.008), VAS knowledge vs. no VAS
knowledge (p < 0.001)
³ For Sierra Leone: mother’s age and education were not available; no significant differences in other variables
⁴ For Tanzania: 6–11 months vs. 24–59 months (p = 0.002), 12–23 months vs. 24–59 months (p < 0.001), VAS knowledge vs. no
VAS knowledge (p < 0.001)

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