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Table 2 Association between the average concentrations of PM2.5 and O3 and hypertension

From: Sex differences and dietary patterns in the association of air pollutants and hypertension

Air pollution

Male

Female

Crude Model

Adjust model1

Adjust model2

Crude model

Adjust model1

Adjust model2

PM2.5(µg/m3)

      

Q1[53.7,67.9]

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Q2[67.9,72.0]

Q3[72.0,88.1]

1.13(0.88–1.46)

1.46 (1.14–1.87)

1.16 (0.89–1.52)

1.48 (1.13–1.92)

1.12(0.85–1.48)

1.42(1.08–1.87)

0.92 (0.72–1.17)

0.82 (0.64–1.05)

1.00 (0.75–1.32)

0.77 (0.58–1.02)

1.00(0.75–1.33)

0.77(0.58–1.03)

O3(µg/m3)

      

Q1[121.4,133.1]

Q2[133.1,142.0]

Q3[142.0,154.2]

Reference

0.98 (0.77–1.26)

1.15 (0.89–1.49)

Reference

1.06 (0.78–1.43)

1.20 (0.86–1.68)

Reference

1.04(0.77–1.41)

1.18(0.85–1.64)

Reference

0.69 (0.54–0.88)

0.98 (0.77–1.25)

Reference

0.93 (0.69–1.26)

1.55 (1.13–2.14)

Reference

0.95(0.70–1.29)

1.61(1.15–2.23)

  1. Crude Model was the 95% CI unadjusted for confounders;
  2. Adjust model1 was the 95% CI derived by controlling for age, BMI, annual household income, the main source of cooking fuel, physical activity level, family history of hypertension, education level, marital status, occupation, smoking habits and alcohol consumption
  3. Adjust model2 was the 95% CI derived by controlling for age, BMI, annual household income, the main source of cooking fuel, physical activity level, family history of hypertension, education level, marital status, occupation, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease