Table 2 Risk factors’ pooled analysis and certainty of evidence assessment
From: Risk factors for low back pain in the Chinese population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Risk factors | Number of included studies | Pooled effects | Certainty of Evidence Assessment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR[95%CI] | P value | I2 | |||
Cigarette smoking | 6 | 1.55[1.15, 2.08] | 0.004 | 72% | Very Low |
BMI ≥ 28 kg/m² | 5 | 4.51[3.36, 6.07] | <0.00001 | 8% | Very Low |
Female sex | 5 | 1.54[1.25, 1.90] | <0.0001 | 63% | Very Low |
Vibration exposure at work | 5 | 1.65[1.16, 2.34] | 0.006 | 84% | Very Low |
working overtime | 4 | 2.57[1.12, 5.91] | 0.03 | 85% | Very Low |
Lack of exercise | 4 | 2.48[1.62, 3.78] | <0.0001 | 0% | Very Low |
Standing for long periods | 4 | 1.02[0.82, 1.26] | 0.88 | 73% | Very Low |