From: Racial discrimination and health: a prospective study of ethnic minorities in the United Kingdom
 | Wave 1 | Wave 3 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
No racial discrimination | Racial discrimination | No racial discrimination | Racial discrimination | |
Mental health outcomes | ||||
 Psychological distress | ||||
 Coeff. [95%CI] | Ref | 1.11 [0.88; 1.34]*** | Ref | 0.52 [0.20; 0.85]** |
 Mental functioning | ||||
 Coeff. [95%CI] | Ref | −3.61 [−4.29; −2.93]*** | Ref | −1.77 [− 2.70; −0.83]*** |
 Life satisfaction | ||||
 Coeff. [95%CI] | Ref | − 0.40 [− 0.52; − 0.27]*** | Ref | − 0.15 [− 0.32; 0.03] |
Impairment outcome | ||||
 Limiting longstanding illness | ||||
 OR [95%CI] | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.78 [1.49; 2.13]*** | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.31 [1.01; 1.69]* |
Physical health outcomes | ||||
 Physical functioning | ||||
 Coeff. [95%CI] | Ref | −0.86 [−1.50; − 0.27]** | Ref | − 0.45 [− 1.29; 0.39] |
 Self-rated health | ||||
 OR [95%CI] | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.50 [1.24; 1.82]*** | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.30 [1.00; 1.69]* |