From: Do the correlates of screen time and sedentary time differ in preschool children?
Variable | Screen time mins/day | Sedentary time mins/day | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Boys (n = 504) | Girls (n = 433) | Boys (n = 394) | Girls (n = 323) | |
β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | |
Individual level | ||||
Demographic and family profile | ||||
Child disability/poor health | - | - | - | 10.18 (−3.03, 23.40) |
Child sleep duration (hours) | −7.49 (−13.46, −1.52) | −5.67 (−11.57, 0.23) | −3.97 (−7.95, 0.01) | −5.76 (−8.83, −2.69) |
Mother born in Australia | 0.99 (−11.45, 13.42) | −15.66 (−28.97, −2.35) | - | - |
Maternal BMI categoryc | ||||
 Healthy weight (ref) | - | 0 | - | 0 |
 Overweight | - | 1.56 (−12.22, 15.34) | - | 8.55 (−0.90, 18.00) |
 Obese | - | 15.11 (−4.11, 34.32) | - | 5.20 (−4.05, 14.45) |
Maternal disability/poor health | - | - | - | 10.97 (−5.36, 27.30) |
Maternal education | ||||
Year 10 or equivalent (ref) | - | 0 | - | - |
Year 12/trade/diploma | - | −3.39 (−27.86, 21.09) | - | - |
University degree/post-graduate | - | −2.62 (−30.91, 25.66) | - | - |
Low income status (health care/pension card) | - | −4.22 (−23.18, 14.74) | - | - |
Paternal age (years) | - | - | 0.73 (0.10, 1.35) | - |
Father born in Australia | - | −3.93 (−17.82, 9.95) | - | - |
Paternal BMI categoryc | ||||
 Healthy weight (ref) | 0 | - | - | - |
 Overweight | −1.15 (−13.03, 10.74) | - | - | - |
 Obese | 2.79 (−12.80, 18.37) | - | - | - |
Paternal education | ||||
 Year 10 or equivalent (ref) | - | 0 | - | - |
 Year 12/trade/diploma | - | 23.26 (0.11, 46.41) | - | - |
 University degree/post-graduate | - | 9.66 (−16.33, 35.65) | - | - |
Child PA and SB | ||||
Usual frequency of active transport per week (e.g., ride a bike to kinder) | - | −1.72 (−3.14, −0.30) | - | - |
Number of organised activities per week (e.g., swimming, tennis) | - | −7.54 (−15.72, 0.64) | - | - |
Child personality, preferences and constraints | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Child is active for longer with someone else | −10.63 (−23.18, 1.93) | - | - | - |
Child preferences for SB (e.g., more likely to watch TV than be active) | 3.52 (−1.49, 8.53) | 7.09 (2.47, 11.70) | - | - |
Child constraints to PA (e.g., too tired to do more PA) | −0.69 (−2.12, 0.75) | - | - | - |
Social level | ||||
Parental influence | ||||
Parental concerns about child’s PA/SB | 1.87 (−0.05, 3.78) | 3.19 (0.62, 5.76) | - | - |
Parental constraints to child’s PA | 0.74 (−1.36, 2.84) | 1.29 (−0.55, 3.13) | - | - |
Parent gets bored watching child playing in outdoor spaces | −14.43 (−27.99, −0.86) | - | - | - |
Parent believes it’s important to be active as a family | 6.08 (−10.86, 23.02) | - | - | - |
Parental self-efficacy to support PA | 0.76 (−2.78, 4.30) | 1.67 (−2.23, 5.58) | - | - |
Parental self-efficacy to limit screen time | −6.52 (−9.51, −3.54) | −2.64 (−5.12, −0.16) | - | - |
Parental health knowledge/beliefs of child’s PA | - | 0.22 (−3.67, 4.11) | - | - |
Rules and boundaries | ||||
Parental rules to limit screen time | −5.15 (−9.20, −1.11) | −5.20 (−9.94, −0.47) | - | - |
Parent allows child to play freely in backyard/street | - | −4.62 (−9.39, 0.16) | - | - |
Social interaction and support | ||||
Maternal PA emotional support for child | 2.14 (−1.47, 5.76) | - | −1.10 (−2.84, 0.63) | - |
Paternal PA emotional support for child | 2.14 (−0.87, 5.14) | - | - | - |
Modelling of PA | ||||
Paternal time in PA (hours/week) | - | −0.62 (−2.29, 1.04) | - | - |
Maternal TV viewing (hours/week) | 2.27 (1.09, 3.46) | 1.33 (−0.05, 2.70) | - | - |
Paternal TV viewing (hours/week) | 0.49 (−0.71, 1.69) | 0.65 (−0.33, 1.63) | - | - |
Maternal role modelling of PA (times/week) | - | 0.36 (−3.27, 4.00) | - | - |
Paternal role modelling of PA (times/week) | - | 0.54 (−3.54, 4.61) | - | - |
Physical environment level | ||||
Number of pieces of toys/ equipment to be physically active with at home (e.g., swings, slide) | - | 0.57 (−1.15, 2.29) | - | - |
Number of features at home (e.g., front fence, covered outdoor areas) | −2.51 (−9.95, 4.92) | −2.34 (−9.40, 4.72) | - | - |
Lives on a cul-de-sac | 11.70 (−1.26, 24.66) | - | - | - |
Number of TVs at home | 3.65 (−2.04, 9.34) | 5.15 (−1.69, 11.99) | - | 2.45 (−0.79, 5.70) |
TV in child’s bedroom | −1.74 (−23.72, 20.23) | 27.14 (−5.49, 59.77) | - | - |
Neighbourhood playground suitability (e.g., equipment, shade, safety) | 0.11 (−1.10, 1.32) | −0.69 (−2.11, 0.73) | −0.69 (−1.51, 0.12) | - |
Neighbourhood constraints to active transport (e.g., busy roads) | - | 0.14 (−1.29, 1.57) | −0.26 (−0.96, 0.43) | - |