Table 4 Basic Characteristics of all the participants by BMI status showing Odds Ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI)
Factors | Obesity vs Normal weight | Overweight vs Normal weight | Overweight/obese vs Normal weight | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | |
OR (95 % CI) | AOR (95 % CI) | OR (95 % CI) | AOR (95 % CI) | OR (95 % CI) | AOR (95 % CI) | |
Sex | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | P = 0.005 | p <0.0001 | P < 0.0001 |
Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Female | 3.71 (2.73, 5.04) | 2.57 (1.75, 3.78) | 2.00 (1.49, 2.68) | 1.59 (1.13,2.24) | 2.71 (2.11, 3.50) | 2.10 (1.56, 2.84) |
Age Group, Years | p <0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | P = 0.001 | p <0.0001 | p < 0.0001 |
18–34 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
35–44 | 2.99 (2.04, 4.38) | 1.29 (0.79, 2.11) | 2.07 (1.42, 3.01) | 1.24 (0.81,1.90) | 2.48 (1.80, 3.41) | 1.24 (0.85, 1.81) |
> = 45 | 4.97 (3.41, 7.25) | 1.82 (1.10, 3.00) | 3.03 (2.09, 4.39) | 1.67 (1.07, 2.60) | 3.89 (2.82, 5.37) | 1.61 (1.08, 2.41) |
Marital Status | p = 0.009 | p = 0.55 | p < 0.0001 | p =0.03 | p =0.0001 | p =0.05 |
- Never Married | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
- Married/Living together | 1.69 (1.17, 2.45) | 1.56 (0.95, 2.56) | 2.13 (1.43, 3.19) | 1.71 (1.06, 2.77) | 1.88 (1.36, 2.59) | 1.70 (1.13, 2.56) |
Separated/divorced/widowed/ other | 2.01 (1.18, 3.42) | 1.40 (0.68, 2.88) | 2.81 (1.62, 4.88) | 2.03 (1.04, 3.94) | 2.35 (1.48, 3.74) | 1.81 (0.99, 3.29) |
Country site | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p <0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | p <0.0001 | P < 0.0001 |
Rural Uganda | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Peri-urban Uganda | 1.28 (0.68, 2.42) | 1.30 (0.64, 2.61) | 0.58 (0.37, 0.90) | 0.66 (0.40, 1.07) | 0.73 (0.49, 1.09) | 0.75 (0.48, 1.18) |
Nigeria | 4.99 (2.46, 10.10) | 5.24 (2.41, 11.43) | 1.62 (0.93, 2.81) | 1.74 (0.94, 3.22) | 2.33 (1.42, 3.85) | 2.56 (1.45, 4.53) |
South Africa | 18.94 (10.41, 34.44)) | 14.10 (7.51,26.49) | 2.86 (1.84, 4.45) | 2.42 (1.49, 3.94) | 6.29 (4.20, 9.42 | 4.97 (3.18, 7.78) |
Tanzania | 8.38 (4.32, 16.23) | 6.69 (3.32, 13.48) | 1.93 (1.15, 3.26) | 1.60, (0.90, 2.85) | 3.31, (2.06, 5.30) | 2.68, (1.60, 4.49) |
Educational Status | p <0.0001 | p <0.0001 | p <0.0001 | |||
Low education | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – |
High education | 5.98 (4.20, 8.50) | – | 1.98 (1.46, 2.67) | – | 3.25 (2.49, 4.23) | – |
Wealth status | p <0.0001 | p <0.0001 | p <0.0001 | |||
Low | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – |
Middle | 2.07 (1.38, 3.09) | – | 0.74 (0.52, 1.05) | – | 1.15 (0.85, 1.55) | – |
High | 8.26 (5.43, 12.56) | – | 2.42 (1.67, 3.52) | – | 4.22 (3.01, 5.90) | – |
Current Smoker | p = 0.63 | – | p = 0.92 | – | p =0.82 | – |
No | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – |
Yes | 0.89 (0.56, 1.41) | – | 1.02 (0.65, 1.62) | – | 0.96 (0.64, 1.42) | – |