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Table 1 Key design features and content included in study materials

From: Developing effective communication materials on the health effects of climate change for vulnerable groups: a mixed methods study

Details about one health condition affected by climate change

 • Asthma

 • Allergies

 • Health effects of extreme heat

 • Obesity/food systems

 • Heart disease

Human figure icons in conversation (via speech bubbles) about relationship between climate change and health conditions

Mechanisms of climate change, explained at 8th-grade readability level or lower

 • “Carbon pollution makes the world warmer and changes our climate.”

 • “Climate change will lead to more extreme heat events.”

 • “Higher temperatures mean spring comes earlier and allergy season lasts longer… A longer season means more pollen. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is like food for plants, helping them grow bigger and make more pollen.”

 • “Extreme heat can make working outdoors dangerous.”

 • “Extreme heat can lead to irregular heartbeats and stroke.”

 • “Air pollution increases the risk of heart attacks.”

 • “Climate change leads to drought, heat and extreme rain, making it harder to grow crops and raise animals for food.”

 • Red meat is high in saturated fats and can increase the risk of heart disease. Processed food high in sugars, salt and saturated fats can increase obesity, diabetes and heart disease.”

 • “Red meat and processed foods use more energy and more chemical fertilizers than local fresh vegetables and fruits. Using more energy releases more global warming pollution.”

Recommended actions

• Individual protective or preventive behaviors toward climate change adaptation (“Healthy You”)

Stay hydrated, stay cool in hot weather

Use local information resources (weather reports, Air Quality Index, daily pollen reports)

Reduce exposure (to pollen, heat, smog)

Monitor family members, friends and neighbors during hot weather

Eat less red meat and processed foods

• Individual, local actions toward climate change mitigation (“Healthy Places”)

Ride bikes, walk or use public transportation

Eat healthy, local foods

Plant trees that produce low levels of pollen

Discover ways to use less energy

• Collective action toward climate change mitigation (“Healthy Planet”)

Support actions to limit carbon pollution, clean energy, local advocacy for climate action