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Table 3 Prevalence of hypertension by gender and by sociodemographic determinants and their associations (Odds Ratio (OR)) with hypertension among 15–64 year old citizens of Myanmar

From: Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in Myanmar - a nationwide cross-sectional study

 

Male

Female

 

N

No. (%) with hypertensiona

Model 1

 

Model 2

 

N

No. (%) with hypertensiona

Model 1

 

Model 2

 
 

2862

OR (95 % CI) b

p-value

OR (95 % CI) c

p-value

4457

OR (95 % CI) b

p-value

OR (95 % CI) c

p-value

Age

 15–24

415

53 (12.9)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

518

43 (7.5)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

 25–34

619

114 (18.4)

1.53 (1.07–2.18)

0.018

1.59 (1.11–2.27)

0.01

945

145 (15.5)

2.28 (1.59–3.26)

<0.001

2.3 (1.60–3.29)

<0.001

 35–44

657

194 (29.8)

2.88 (2.06–4.02)

<0.001

2.91 (2.08–4.08)

<0.001

1144

318 (28.0)

4.82 (3.45–6.76)

<0.001

4.91 (3.5–6.89)

<0.001

 45–54

656

237 (36.5)

3.90 (2.80–5.42)

<0.001

3.94 (2.82–5.52)

<0.001

1049

419 (40.3)

8.36 (5.99–11.69)

<0.001

8.52 (6.06–11.98)

<0.001

 55–64

515

257 (50.1)

6.80 (4.86–9.52)

<0.001

6.86 (4.85–9.7)

<0.001

738

391 (53.4)

14.21 (10.09–20.0)

<0.001

14.63 (10.28–20.82)

<0.001

Urban/rural

            

 Urban

851

299 (35.3)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

1311

438 (33.6)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

 Rural

2011

556 (27.9)

0.71 (0.59–0.85)

<0.001

0.71 (0.59–0.85)

<0.001

3146

878 (28.2)

0.81 (0.70–0.94)

0.004

0.81 (0.70–0.95)

0.008

Region

            

 Central Plains

1093

294 (27.1)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

1410

400 (28.6)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

 Hilly

534

147 (27.63)

1.26 (0.99–1.61)

0.062

1.21 (0.9–1.64)

0.198

631

183 (29.2)

1.21 (0.97–1.51)

0.062

1.09 (0.83–1.43)

0.547

 Coastal

333

93 (28.62)

1.15 (0.86–1.53)

0.351

1.11 (0.79–1.57)

0.533

682

202 (30.2)

1.20 (0.97–1.49)

0.351

1.07 (0.83–1.39)

0.591

 Delta

902

321 (35.8)

1.49 (1.22–1.81)

<0.001

1.48 (1.21–1.8)

<0.001

1734

531 (30.8)

1.20 (1.62–1.42)

0.026

1.19 (1.01–1.40)

0.038

Years at school

            

 0 years

234

86 (36.8)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

438

156 (35.9)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

 1–5 years

743

218 (29.6)

0.92 (0.67–1.26)

0.598

0.89 (0.64–1.22)

0.465

1810

586 (32.6)

1.12 (0.89–1.41)

0.34

1.13 (0.9–1.44)

0.283

 6–11 years

1520

465 (30.8)

1.13 (0.84–1.53)

0.418

1.04 (0.76–1.42)

0.793

1700

462 (27.5)

1.22 (0.96–1.55)

0.109

1.17 (0.92–1.5)

0.207

  > 11 years

365

86 (23.7)

0.94 (0.64–1.37)

0.729

0.8 (0.53–1.18)

0.264

509

112 (22.1)

1.14 (0.84–1.56)

0.395

1.08 (0.79–1.5)

0.612

Ethnicity

            

 Bamar

2094

629 (30.0)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

3238

629 (30.0)

1.00 (ref.)

 

1.00 (ref.)

 

 Other ethnic

768

226 (29.4)

1.02 (0.85–1.24)

0.786

1.03 (0.85–1.24)

0.863

1219

226 (29.4)

1.16 (0.99–1.35)

0.61

1.18 (0.95–1.45)

0.132

  1. aSBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90, or uses antihypertensive medications; bAdjusted for age; cAdjusted for age, rural/urban, region, years at school and ethnicity
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