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Table 1 3-level multivariate logistic regression model of the self-reported adverse health impacts when it is very hot and humid in summer: fixed part

From: A multilevel analysis to explain self-reported adverse health effects and adaptation to urban heat: a cross-sectional survey in the deprived areas of 9 Canadian cities

Fixed part

M0 a

M00 b

M000 c

M000:1 d

M000:12 e

β (ES)f,g

β (ES)f,g

β (ES)f,g

β (ES)f,g

β (ES)f,g

Constant

−0,103 (0,034)****

−0,135 (0,038)****

−0,120 (0,046)***

−0,571 (0,193)**

−0,678 (0,213)***

ADDITION OF INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL COVARIABLES

  

Self-reported diagnoses of chronic diseases:

  

 ≥2 diagnoses (vs none)

1.010 (0.110)****

1.014 (0.110)****

 1 diagnosis (vs none)

0.325 (0.105)***

0.327 (0.105)***

Long-term leave for illness or disability (vs no)

0.825 (0.130)***

0.837 (0.131)***

Health problems due to air quality within the dwelling in the opinion of the respondents (vs no)

0.737 (0.164)****

0.740 (0.164)****

Female gender (vs no)

0.455 (0.086)****

0.454 (0.086)****

Rather or extremely stressed most of the time (vs no)

0.377 (0.096)****

0.375 (0.096)****

Air conditioning at home (vs no)

0.356 (0.082)****

0.352 (0.082)****

Neighbourhood perceived as fairly or heavily polluted due to the density of urban traffic (vs no)

0.329 (0.096)****

0.325 (0.096)****

Adaptation index (other than with air conditioning in the dwelling) when it is very hot and humid in summer (continuous)

−0.310 (0.047)****

−0.309 (0.047)****

Perceived need for more infrastructure or services in dwelling neighbourhood to adapt better when it is very hot and humid in summer:

  

 Yes, in urban planning (vs no)

0.265 (0.133)**

0.261 (0.133)**

 Yes, in other areas such as public transport (vs no)

0.084 (0.092)

0.087 (0.092)

No physical activity in the past 3 months (vs yes)

0.249 (0.093)**

0.248 (0.093)**

Age

  

 18–44 (vs ≥ 65 years)

0.016 (0.130)

0.014 (0.129)

 45–64 (vs ≥ 65 years)

0.222 (0.114)*

0.226 (0.114)*

≥2 caregivers in the last year living < 80 km from the dwelling but not in the same neighbourhood (vs < 2)

−0.217 (0.086)**

−0.220 (0.086)**

Satisfaction with the indoor temperature of dwelling in summer:

  

 Not centered (continuous)

−0.421 (0.041)**

 

 Centered on the building average (continuous)

 

−0.475 (0.059)**

Addition of building-level covariables

  

By building, average satisfaction with the indoor temperature of dwelling (continuous)

 

−0.375 (0.055)**

  1. aM0 = 1-level null model (individuals, I). bM00 = 2-levels null model (I + buildings, B). cM000 = 3-level null model (I + B + DA). dM000:1 = 3-level model with covariables of individual-level. eM000:12 = 3-level model with covariables of individual-level and building-level. fβ (ES): estimated β coefficient (standard error). gValues p: ****: p ≤0.0001; ***: p ≤0.001; **: p ≤0.01; *: p ≤0.05
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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