Table 2 High nicotine dependence by selected socio-demographic characteristics in men aged 26 years and over – Multivariable logistic regressiona
From: Patterns of nicotine dependence in four Eastern European countries
Variable | Poland | Romania | Russia | Ukraine |
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95 % CI) | OR (95 % CI) | OR (95 % CI) | OR (95 % CI) | |
Sex | ||||
Female | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) |
Male | 1.5 (1.1–2.0)b | 1.5 (1.01–2.2)d | 2.7 (2.1–3.5)b | 2.6 (1.7–4.2)b |
Age (years) | ||||
26–29 | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) |
30–39 | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 1.5 (0.9–2.8) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 2.4 (1.5–3.9)b |
40–49 | 1.8 (1.1–3.1)d | 4.1 (2.3–7.1)b | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 2.8 (1.8– 4.6)b |
50–59 | 1.9 (1.2–3.3)c | 4.8 (2.7–8.4)b | 1.7 (1.3–2.3)b | 2.9 (1.8–4.8)b |
≥60 | 1.5 (0.8–2.9) | 2.0 (1.0–4.1)d | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | 2.2 (1.1–4.3)d |
Age at smoking onset | ||||
<14 | 3.8 (1.8–8.4)b | 5.0 (2.4–10.2)b | 3.0 (2.2–4.1)b | 3.1 (2.0–4.9)b |
14–17 | 2.5 (1.7–3.6)b | 3.5 (2.1–5.8)b | 1.5 (1.2–1.9)b | 1.9 (1.3–2.7)b |
18–20 | 1.2 (0.8–1.6) | 1.7 (1.0–2.7)c | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) |
≥21 | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) |
Education | ||||
Primary | 2.6 (1.4–4.9)c | 1.2 (0.5–2.9) | 1.6 (0.9–2.6) | 3.0 (1.7–5.4)b |
Vocational | 2.0 (1.2–3.6)c | 1.2 (0.6–2.1) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) |
Secondary | 1.7 (0.95–3.0) | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 1.3 (1.0–1.6)d | 2.3 (1.5– 3.5)b |
High | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) |
Occupational classification | ||||
Economically not active | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 0.9 (0.6–1.5) |
Employed | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) |
Unemployed | 1.4 (0.9–2.1) | 1.5 (0.9–2.3) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.6 (1.1–2.1)c |
Place of residence | ||||
Rural | 1.2 (1.0–1.4)d | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) | ||
Urban | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
Asset Index | ||||
High | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) |
Middle | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.8 (0.5–1.1) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) |
Low | 0.9 (0.4–1.8) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) |
Rules regarding smoking at home | ||||
Smoking is allowed | 1.9 (1.2–3.0)c | 2.0 (1.3–3.0)b | 1.8 (1.4–2.2)b | 2.1 (1.5–2.9)b |
Smoking is prohibited– with some exceptions | 1.7 (1.1–2.6)d | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6)c | 1.6 (1.2–2.1)b |
Smoking is completely prohibited | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) |
No rules | 2.0 (1.2–3.5)c | 3.0 (1.4–6.8)b | 1.5 (1.1–2.1)d | 1.4 (0.8–2.5) |
Awareness of smoking health consequences | ||||
Yes | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
No | 1.3 (0.9–2.0) | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) | ||
Awareness of ETS health consequences | ||||
Yes | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | ||
No | 1.6 (0.9–2.7) | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | ||
Level of support for tobacco control | ||||
High | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | 1.0 (Ref.) | |
Medium | 1.6 (1.1–2.1)c | 1.4 (1.1–1.7)c | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | |
Low | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 1.3 (0.7–2.2) | 0.9 (0.3–2.9) | |