Table 1 Studies investigating the association between sedentary behaviour and anxiety risk
From: The association between sedentary behaviour and risk of anxiety: a systematic review
Paper | Study details | Domain | Anxiety indicator | Sedentary behaviour indicator | Association | Methodological quality score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cao et al. (2011) China [31] | Cross sectional | Leisure time | The 41-item Screen | Self report open ended question regarding TV & computer use (hrs per day) | + | Strong |
for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) | ||||||
5003 junior high school students (11–16 years) | ||||||
de Wit et al. (2011) The Netherlands [32] | Cross sectional | Leisure time | Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI, WHO version 2.1) | Self report TV & computer use in leisure time | Total screen = + | Weak |
2353 (1701 with current diagnosis, 652 controls) adults aged 18-65 | ||||||
TV = + | ||||||
Computer = 0 | ||||||
Granner et al. (2010) USA [29] | Cross sectional | Total daily - including occupational, leisure time, and travel | Question from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey asking “number of days last month felt worried, tense, anxious” | Self report TV, and sitting away from home, at work, drive, and at work (data from Nurses Health Study) | TV = + | Weak |
189 African American and Caucasian adult women aged 18–60 yrs | ||||||
Total sitting = 0 | ||||||
Griffiths et al. (2010) UK [30] | Cross sectional | Leisure time | Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) | Proxy report of TV, computer use, and electronic games | Girls = − | Moderate |
13,470 5 yr old children | Boys = 0 | |||||
Kilpatrick et al. (2013) Australia [33] | Cross sectional | Occupational | Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) | Self report modified from IPAQ for occupational sitting time | + | Moderate |
3367 state government adult employees (mean age 46.2 yrs) | ||||||
Rebar et al. (2014) Australia [36] | Cross sectional | Total daily – including occupational, leisure time, and travel | 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress scale | Self report 10-item Workforce Sitting | Total SB = + | Moderate |
Computer = + | ||||||
1104 Australian adults (mean age 58 years) | ||||||
Questionnaire | Transport SB = + | |||||
Work sitting = 0 | ||||||
Leisure sitting = 0TV = 0 | ||||||
Sanchez-Villegas et al. (2008) Spain [34] | Longitudinal | Leisure time | Participants were asked: Have | Self report sedentary index (TV & computer use) | 0 | Moderate |
10,381 adult University graduates | ||||||
you ever been diagnosed of anxiety by a health | ||||||
(7991 with data on SB) | ||||||
professional? | ||||||
Sloan et al. (2013) Singapore [35] | Cross sectional | Total daily - including occupational, leisure time, and travel | General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) | Self report global physical activity questionnaire (daily sitting time) | + | Moderate |
4337 Singapore citizens aged 18–79 yrs | ||||||
Uijtdewilligen et al. (2011) The Netherlands [37] | Longitudinal | Total daily - including all domains | Achievement Motivation Test (AMT) assessed achievement motivation, facilitating anxiety, debilitating anxiety, and social desirability | Objective data using accelerometers (total sedentary time) | + | Weak |
217 participants followed from adolescence to adulthood (age 13 to 42 years) |