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Table 3 Mean food consumption frequencies (days/week) by screen time and sleep duration category

From: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative: associations between sleep duration, screen time and food consumption frequencies

Food items

Screen time

Sleep duration

< 2 h/day*

≥ 2 h/day*

< 9.7 h/day

≥ 9.7 h/day

(n=4870)

(n=5583)

(n=4782)

(n=5671)

Mean consumption frequencies in days per week (SD)

Fresh fruit

5.4 (2.0)

4.7 (2.2)

4.8 (2.2)

5.3 (2.1)

Vegetables (excluding potatoes)

4.9 (2.1)

4.3 (2.1)

4.4 (2.1)

4.8 (2.1)

100% fruit juice

2.6 (2.1)

2.9 (2.1)

2.7 (2.1)

2.8 (2.1)

Soft drinks containing sugar

2.3 (2.0)

2.8 (2.1)

2.5 (2.1)

2.5 (2.1)

Diet/light soft drinks

0.6 (1.2)

0.9 (1.4)

0.8 (1.3)

0.8 (1.3)

Low-fat/semi-skimmed milk

3.6 (3.0)

3.0 (2.8)

3.1 (2.9)

3.4 (3.0)

Whole-fat milk

2.0 (2.6)

2.4 (2.5)

2.2 (2.5)

2.2 (2.6)

Flavoured milk

1.8 (2.1)

1.7 (1.9)

1.7 (2.0)

1.7 (2.0)

Cheese

3.3 (2.3)

3.4 (2.2)

3.3 (2.2)

3.4 (2.3)

Yoghurt, cream cheese/quark or other dairy products

4.9 (2.2)

4.6 (2.1)

4.6 (2.1)

4.8 (2.2)

Meat

4.6 (1.8)

4.7 (1.9)

4.6 (1.9)

4.6 (1.9)

Fish

2.5 (1.5)

2.3 (1.4)

2.4 (1.4)

2.5 (1.5)

Potato chips (crisps), corn chips, popcorn or peanuts

1.8 (1.4)

2.5 (1.7)

2.2 (1.6)

2.1 (1.6)

Candy bars or chocolate

2.6 (1.6)

3.5 (2.1)

3.2 (2.0)

2.9 (1.9)

Biscuits, cakes, doughnuts or pies

2.6 (1.6)

3.1 (1.9)

2.9 (1.9)

2.8 (1.8)

Pizza, French fries (chips), hamburgers, sausages or meat pies

1.9 (1.2)

2.4 (1.5)

2.2 (1.5)

2.1 (1.4)

  1. SD, standard deviation.
  2. *This classification was based on the recommendation of the American Academy of Pediatrics to limit total media time to no more than 1 to 2 hours per day [32].
  3. This classification was based on the mean sleep duration of the total study population (9.7 hours/day).