Religion and HIV in Tanzania: influence of religious beliefs on HIV stigma, disclosure, and treatment attitudes

BMC Public Health

Table 5 Associations of HIV belief/knowledge factors with stigma, disclosure, and ARV treatment outcome variables.

	Expresses Shame-Related HIV Stigma		Willing to Disclose		Would Start ARVs
	Unadj. OR (Adj. OR)	P-value	Unadj. OR (Adj. OR)	P-value	Unadj. OR (Adj. OR)	P-value
Believes prayer can cure HIV	1.02 (0.88)	0.899 (0.504)	1.36 (0.99)	0.074 (0.961)	1.06 (2.07)	0.814 (0.171)
Believes HIV is a punishment from God	1.56 (1.46)	<0.001* (0.008)	1.17 (1.22)	0.269 (0.306)	0.89 (0.73)	0.570 (0.337)
Believes people with HIV have not followed the Word of God	1.75 (1.92)	<0.001* (<0.001*)	1.15 (1.15)	0.382 (0.519)	0.85 (1.05)	0.437 (0.876)
ARV knowledge	0.90 (1.01)	0.519 (0.949)	0.96 (1.11)	1.00 (0.677)	1.98 (2.98)	0.003 (0.002)
Has had HIV test	1.00 (1.00)	1.00 (0.989)	1.41 (1.66)	0.019* (0.020*)	0.97 (1.04)	0.887 (0.913)
Fears casual-contact HIV transmission	1.29 (1.11)	0.011* (0.464)	0.87 (0.90)	0.320 (0.600)	1.28 (1.52)	0.229 (0.173)
Never uses condoms	1.00 (0.83)	1.00 (0.233)	1.35 (1.38)	0.060 (0.116)	0.56 (0.70)	0.027* (0.329)

The first OR shown is unadjusted. The second OR shown (in parentheses) is adjusted for the HIV belief/knowledge factors listed in the first column as well as for the demographic factors shown in Table 4. Significance levels of p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001 denoted by *, **, and ***, respectively. The 95% confidence intervals are reported in Additional file 1.

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