Dietary habits in three Central and Eastern European countries: the HAPIEE study

Boylan, Sinéad; Welch, Ailsa; Pikhart, Hynek; Malyutina, Sofia; Pajak, Andrzej; Kubinova, Ruzena; Bragina, Oksana; Simonova, Galina; Stepaniak, Urszula; Gilis-Januszewska, Aleksandra; Milla, Lubomíra; Peasey, Anne; Marmot, Michael; Bobak, Martin

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-439

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Absolute energy intakes and energy-adjusted nutrient intakes among males and females - means and standard deviations (SD)

From: Dietary habits in three Central and Eastern European countries: the HAPIEE study

	Absolute intakes						Energy-adjusted intakes^±
	Czech		Russian		Polish		Czech		Russian		Polish
*Males*
n-size	3690		4135		4815		3690		4135		4815
	mean	s.d	mean	s.d	mean	s.d	mean	s.d	mean	s.d	mean	s.d
Energy (MJ)	8.7	3.0	11.7	3.5	9.5	2.9	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total fat (g)	85	35	133	49	94	36	85	13	132	17	94	15
Saturated fat (g)	31	13	46	20	38	15	31	6	45	8	38	7
Monounsaturated fat (g)	30	13	48	20	32	13	29	6	48	7	32	7
Polyunsaturated fat (g)	15	7	25	10	13	5	15	3	25	7	13	3
Protein (g)	92	34	120	38	103	31	92	15	121	19	104	14
Total carbohydrate (g)	230	89	278	83	264	86	230	40	280	43	264	39
Sugars (g)	107	54	121	48	121	56	106	35	121	32	120	34
Starch (g)	122	52	153	48	140	46	122	32	154	35	141	32
Non-starch polysaccharide (g)	17	8	18	6	19	7	17	6	18	5	19	5
Vitamin C (mg)	160	135	111	97	147	94	160	107	110	86	148	78
Vitamin E (mg)	8	4	13	5	8	3	8	2	13	3	8	2
Folate (μg)	294	115	300	101	322	118	295	68	301	61	323	79
Carotenes (μg)	5310	4026	10833	5082	7779	4544	5331	3522	10999	5113	7867	4182
Iron (mg)	11	4	15	4	14	4	11	2	15	2	14	2
Calcium (mg)	721	362	811	411	872	425	721	250	806	289	867	282
Magnesium (mg)	278	97	286	91	294	94	280	43	287	44	295	45
Potassium (mg)	3280	1259	3623	1160	3774	1360	3288	613	3640	628	3783	755
Alcohol (g)^±±	13	17	10	17	4	9	15	17	13	17	7	10
*Females*
n-size	4223	4963	5044	4223	4963	5044	4223	4963	5044	4223	4963	5044
Energy (MJ)	8.2	3.0	9.9	2.9	8.7	2.6	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total fat (g)	79	33	114	40	81	31	79	13	113	15	80	13
Saturated fat (g)	29	13	38	16	33	14	29	5	37	6	33	7
Monounsaturated fat (g)	27	12	41	15	27	11	27	6	41	7	26	6
Polyunsaturated fat (g)	15	6	24	10	11	5	15	4	24	7	11	3
Protein (g)	85	32	102	33	93	28	86	14	102	17	93	13
Total carbohydrate (g)	239	99	245	80	258	84	238	37	246	39	258	35
Sugars (g)	126	69	119	48	128	59	125	39	119	31	127	35
Starch (g)	110	51	122	46	127	43	110	30	122	35	128	31
Non-starch polysaccharide (g)	20	12	18	7	19	8	20	7	18	5	19	5
Vitamin C (mg)	229	242	128	119	163	109	224	165	128	107	163	91
Vitamin E (mg)	9	4	13	5	8	3	9	3	13	3	8	2
Folate (μg)	303	135	274	100	321	124	304	77	276	70	322	85
Carotenes (μg)	6664	5161	11533	5620	8398	5020	6672	4427	11711	5637	8490	4610
Iron (mg)	11	5	13	4	13	4	11	2	13	2	13	2
Calcium (mg)	835	411	769	363	899	438	835	264	769	277	895	287
Magnesium (mg)	283	112	256	84	284	92	284	48	257	45	285	43
Potassium (mg)	3589	1621	3359	1128	3729	1355	3585	788	3377	678	3736	760
Alcohol (g)^±±	3	6	1	3	1	4	5	7	2	4	3	6

^± Nutrients were log and then anti-log transformed for energy adjustment using the residual method.
^±± Sample sizes were as follows: Czech male (n = 3267); Czech female (n = 2691), Russian male (n = 3322); Russian female (n = 3152); Polish male (n = 3179); Polish female (n = 1737).

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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