Table 1 Authors and publication years of the included studies, and the letter denoting these studies.
From: A structured review of reasons for ecstasy use and related behaviours: pointers for future research
Authors and number in reference list | Year | l* | Country | Time | Sampling method | Measurement | N | % ♀ | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solowij, Hall & Lee [40] | 1992 | A | Australia | NR | RDS | Questionnaire | 100 | 39% | 27 |
Fountain, Bartlett, Griffiths, Gossop, Boys & Strang [32] | 1999 | B | UK | NR | Selected sample with diverse experience with drugs | Interview | 100 | 36% | 18 |
Topp, Hando, Dillon, Roche & Solowij [43] | 1999 | C | Australia | NR | RDS, advertisement, radio, flyers | Interviews | 329 | 51% | 23 |
Boys, Marsden & Strang [27] | 2001 | D | UK | August-November 1998 | RDS | Questionnaire | 364 | 44% | 19 |
Hansen [35] | 2001 | E | Australia | July 1998-February 2000 | Explicit selection | Participant observation & interviews | 31 | 42% | 25 |
Winstock, Griffiths & Stewart [46] | 2001 | F | UK | June 1999 | Questionnaire in magazine | Questionnaire | 1151 | 40% | 24 |
Dundes [30] | 2003 | G | US | October 2000 | Distribution by students | Questionnaire | 719 | 55% | 20 |
Fendrich, Wislar, Johnson & Hubbell [31] | 2003 | H | US | June 2001-January 2002 | Random selection | Audio Computer self-interview | 627 | 61% | 28 |
Verheyden, Henry & Curran [44] | 2003 | I | UK | NR | Sampling in bars, private residences, clubs, universities, offices | Questionnaire guided interview | 430 | 45% | 24 |
Verheyden, Maidment & Curran [45] | 2003 | J | UK | NR | Sampling of ex-users from other study | Questionnaire | 47 | 0% | 30 |
Carlson, Falck, McCaughan & Siegal [28] | 2004 | K | US | Spring 2001-Winter 2002 | Convenience sample, RDS | Focus groups & interviews | 30 | 50% | 22 |
Gourley [34] | 2004 | L | Australia | NR | Explicit selection | Interviews & observations | 12 | 50% | 21 |
Riley & Hayward [37] | 2004 | M | UK | February-March 2001 | Sampling at dance venues | Questionnaire | 124 | 50% | 25 |
Gamma, Jerome, Liechti & Sumnall [33] | 2005 | N | US** | NR | Links at websites | Online survey | 923 | NR | 19 |
Levy, O'Grady, Wish & Arria [36] | 2005 | O | US | 2003 | Flyers | Focus groups | 30 | 57% | 20 |
Soellner [39] | 2005 | P | Germany | 1994–1998 | Random sample | Computer assisted interviews | 2246 | NR | NR |
Allott & Redman [25] | 2006 | Q | Australia | June-December 2004 | Convenience sample, RDS, advertisement | Questionnaire | 116 | 51% | 27 |
Copeland, Dillon & Gascoigne [29] | 2006 | R | Australia | NR | NR | Interviews | 216 | 47% | 26 |
Rodgers, Buchanan, Pearson, Parrott, Ling, Hefferman & Scholey [38] | 2006 | S | US, EUR** | NR | Links on websites | Online questionnaire | 209 | 40% | 16–20 |
Sumnall, Cole & Jerome [42] | 2006 | T | US, UK, Australia, Eire** | NR | RDS, printed posters, advertisement, key informant access | Questionnaire | 268 | 37% | 26 |
Sterk, Theall & Elison [41] | 2007 | U | US | NR | Respondent driven sampling | Computer assisted interviews | 261 | 30% | 21 |
Bellis, Hughes, Calafat, Juan, Ramon, Rodriguez, Mendes, Schnitzer & Phillips-Howard [26] | 2008 | V | Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Austria, Germany, UK | NR | RDS | Questionnaire | 146 | 49% | 21 |