How effective is good domestic kitchen hygiene at reducing diarrhoeal disease in developed countries? A systematic review and reanalysis of the UK IID study

Stenberg, Anna; Macdonald, Clare; Hunter, Paul R

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-71

Table 1 Results from reanalysis of UK IID GP case control study component.

From: How effective is good domestic kitchen hygiene at reducing diarrhoeal disease in developed countries? A systematic review and reanalysis of the UK IID study

		Control	Case	Unadjusted			Adjusted^a
				OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
Owns pet27	No	681	754	1		0.0056			0.093
	Yes	1017	939	0.816	0.707 – 0.942		0.836	0.678 – 1.030
Shares WC	No	1584	1565	1		0.260
	Yes	91	103	1.185	0.882 – 1.593
Shares kitchen	No	1581	1557	1		0.294
	Yes	80	89	1.350	0.863 – 1.630
Length of work surface	< 1 m	91	94	1.152	0.834 – 1.592		1.143	0.703 – 1.860
	1 – 2 m	588	625	1.178	1.014 – 1.369		1.221	0.981 – 1.520
	> 2 m	934	824	1		0.045	1		0.115
Owns fridge	No	79	89	1.153	0.841 – 1.581
	Yes	1612	1608	1		0.377
Owns freezer	No	75	111	1.479	1.094 – 1.999		1.219	0.761 – 1.951
	Yes	1617	1586	1		0.011	1		0.411
Owns dishwasher	No	1172	1224	1.172	1.004 – 1.368		1.178	0.932 – 1.487
	Yes	520	473	1		0.045	1		0.170
Soak nappies in kitchen	No	1657	1666	1		0.638
	Yes	10	8	0.800	0.316 – 2.027
Shop frequency	>1 per week	410	504	1		0.649
	1 per week	1070	920	0.697	0.591 – 0.821
	1 per 2 weeks	124	155	1.009	0.763 – 1.334
	1 per month	65	92	1.112	0.778 – 1.590
	Less often	6	4	0.521	0.145 – 1.869
Checks use by date	Always	1312	1378	1		0.002	1		0.214
	Sometimes	321	229	0.696	0.575 – 0.843		0.792	0.596 – 1.051
	Never	22	20	0.996	0.531 – 1.870		1.106	0.453 – 2.700
Follows storage instructions	Always	1208	1282	1		3.3 × 10^-4	1		0.020
	Sometimes	386	306	0.719	0.602 – 0.859		0.721	0.556 – 0.933
	Never	30	23	0.940	0.597 – 1.482		0.803	0.383 – 1.682
Check packaging for damage when shopping	Always	1363	1349	1		0.753
	Sometimes	261	247	0.940	0.772 – 1.144
	Never	15	17	1.197	0.589 – 2.433
Pack frozen food together in cool container for transport	Always	364	430	1		0.049	1		0.312
	Sometimes	456	380	0.697	0.569 – 0.853		0.713	0.527 – 0.965
	Never	791	751	0.804	0.671 – 0.963		1.060	0.812 – 1.382
Check appearance of product when shopping	Always	1456	1420	1		0.572
	Sometimes	180	181	1.034	0.825 – 1.295
	Never	8	12	1.375	0.553 – 3.418
Stores meat in fridge	On bottom shelf	964	868	1		0.0007	1		0.0009
	Anywhere else	740	837	1.269	1.106 – 1.457		1.419	1.155 – 1.742
Use separate chopping board for raw and cooked meats	No	807	688	0.769	0.663 – 0.893		0.803	0.648 – 0.994
	Yes	801	871	1		0.0006	1		0.044
Use separate chopping board for other raw and cooked foods	No	999	860	0.772	0.664 – 0.897		0.741	0.599 – 0.919
	Yes	607	677	1		0.0007	1		0.006
Cleans chopping board between raw and cooked foods	No	52	55	1.064	0.714 – 1.584
	Yes	1570	1496	1		0.761
Uses same cloth for wiping all surfaces in kitchen	No	810	789	1		0.884
	Yes	854	848	1.011	0.876 – 1.165
Normally cools foods	In fridge	597	716	1		2.0 × 10^-7	1		^b
	In larder	77	83	0.938	0.657 – 1.339		0.651	0.388 – 1.093
	On work surface	874	717	0.634	0.536 – 0.749		0.704	0.552 – 0.897
Normally stores foods for eating later	In fridge	1549	492	1		0.334
	In larder	16	15	1.097	0.500 – 2.405
	On work surface	43	56	1.360	0.900 – 2.057

^aAdjusted for contact with ill person out of the home, visit overseas and lives in rented vs owner occupied home.
^bNot calculated by software package.

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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