From: Monitoring trends in socioeconomic health inequalities: it matters how you measure
1999 | 2003 | 2006 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | Crude smoking rate | N (%) | Crude smoking rate | N (%) | Crude smoking rate | |
Men (total) | 23896 (100.0) | 69.9 | 24495 (100.0) | 58.7 | 23402 (100.0) | 55.4 |
Occupational class | ||||||
Non-manual | 6224 (26.1) | 64.0 | 7215 (29.5) | 52.8 | 7017 (30.0) | 48.9 |
Manual | 14149 (59.2) | 73.4 | 13992 (57.1) | 62.2 | 13062 (55.8) | 59.3 |
Others | 3523 (14.7) | 66.4 | 3288 (13.4) | 56.6 | 3323 (14.2) | 54.2 |
Education | ||||||
College or higher | 7437 (31.1) | 64.1 | 9047 (36.9) | 53.5 | 9425 (40.3) | 50.9 |
High school | 10371 (43.4) | 74.2 | 10182 (41.6) | 63.7 | 9476 (40.5) | 60.5 |
Middle school or less | 6088 (25.5) | 69.7 | 5266 (21.5) | 58.1 | 4501 (19.2) | 54.4 |
Women (total) | 24669 (100.0) | 3.2 | 26121 (100.0) | 2.9 | 25222 (100.0) | 3.2 |
Occupational class | ||||||
Non-manual | 2716 (11.0) | 1.8 | 3950 (15.1) | 1.4 | 4574 (18.1) | 1.7 |
Manual | 11212 (45.5) | 4.1 | 10789 (41.3) | 3.4 | 10132 (40.2) | 4.2 |
Others | 10741 (43.5) | 2.6 | 11382 (43.6) | 3.0 | 10516 (41.7) | 3.0 |
Education | ||||||
College or higher | 4080 (16.5) | 1.5 | 6033 (23.1) | 1.4 | 6829 (27.1) | 1.6 |
High school | 9762 (39.6) | 2.7 | 10732 (41.1) | 3.2 | 10462 (41.5) | 3.7 |
Middle school or less | 10827 (43.9) | 4.2 | 9356 (35.8) | 3.6 | 7931 (31.4) | 4.0 |