From: Geographic variation and effect of area-level poverty rate on colorectal cancer screening
Variable | Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)* | ||
---|---|---|---|
 | CRC screening | Endoscopy use | FOBT use |
Demographics | Â | Â | Â |
   Age (vs. 50–64) |  |  |  |
65+ | 1.18 (0.90–1.55) | 1.33 (1.03–1.72) | 1.50 (0.80–2.82) |
   Sex (vs. Male) |  |  |  |
Female | 0.87 (0.64–1.17) | 0.89 (0.68–1.16) | 0.88 (0.61–1.28) |
   Race/ethnicity (vs. White) |  |  |  |
African American | 1.47 (0.98–2.20) | 1.64 (1.06–2.52) | 0.75 (0.21–2.68) |
Hispanic/Others | 0.56 (0.43–0.72) | 0.49 (0.34–0.72) | 1.03 (0.44–2.41) |
   Marital Status (vs. Yes) |  |  |  |
No | 0.84 (0.59–1.21) | 0.81 (0.55–1.20) | 1.13 (0.69–1.86) |
   Education (vs. ≥ College-level) |  |  |  |
<College-level | 0.70 (0.52–0.95) | 0.69 (0.49–0.98) | 0.89 (0.64–1.24) |
   Employment (vs. Employed) |  |  |  |
Not | 1.17 (0.85–1.61) | 0.97 (0.71–1.33) | 1.25 (0.68–2.30) |
Retired | 1.43 (1.15–1.79) | 1.16 (0.92–1.46) | 1.02 (0.55–1.90) |
   Income (vs. >$50 k) |  |  |  |
$25 k~50 k | 0.78 (0.62–0.98) | 0.80 (0.66–0.98) | 0.58 (0.34–1.01) |
<$25 k | 0.85 (0.67–1.08) | 0.86 (0.63–1.18) | 0.78 (0.50–1.22) |
Health Condition | Â | Â | Â |
   BMI (vs. Normal) |  |  |  |
Overweight | 1.40 (1.04–1.88) | 1.30 (1.00–1.69) | 1.12 (0.67–1.87) |
Obesity | 1.57 (1.13–2.18) | 1.45 (1.07–1.98) | 1.04 (0.67–1.62) |
   Comorbidity (vs. No) |  |  |  |
No | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 0.96 (0.71–1.31) | 1.06 (0.82–1.38) | 1.00 (0.61–1.65) |
   Mental History (vs. No) |  |  |  |
Yes | 1.44 (1.14–1.83) | 1.70 (1.44–2.01) | 0.78 (0.49–1.22) |
Access to Care | Â | Â | Â |
   HealthPlan (vs. Yes) |  |  |  |
No | 0.57 (0.35–0.90) | 0.58 (0.38–0.89) | 0.56 (0.25–1.25) |
   Personal Doctor (vs. Yes) |  |  |  |
No | 0.48 (0.32–0.74) | 0.42 (0.27–0.64) | 0.67 (0.25–1.81) |
   Check-up (vs. <1 yr) |  |  |  |
2–5 yr | 0.41 (0.32–0.54) | 0.55 (0.41–0.75) | 0.24 (0.13–0.46) |
>5 yr/Never | 0.12 (0.05–0.27) | 0.13 (0.06–0.25) | 0.19 (0.05–0.82) |
Social Support | Â | Â | Â |
   Emotional support need (vs. Usually+) |  |  |  |
Sometimes/rarely/Never | 0.78 (0.58–1.06) | 0.83 (0.63–1.10) | 1.12 (0.85–1.46) |
Health-related behavior | Â | Â | Â |
   Smoking (vs. Never) |  |  |  |
Former | 1.01 (0.62–1.64) | 0.96 (0.66–1.39) | 1.33 (0.86–2.07) |
Somedays/EveryDay | 0.89 (0.65–1.22) | 0.82 (0.63–1.07) | 1.28 (0.64–2.55) |
   Heavy Drinker (vs. No) |  |  |  |
Yes | 1.73 (0.89–3.38) | 2.20 (1.09–4.44) | 0.78 (0.22–2.76) |
   Physical Exercise (vs. Had) |  |  |  |
No | 0.90 (0.68–1.17) | 0.89 (0.68–1.16) | 0.86 (0.60–1.22) |
Health Status | Â | Â | Â |
   Self-rated Health (vs. Good+) |  |  |  |
Fair/Poor | 1.00 (0.79–1.26) | 1.06 (0.82–1.36) | 0.88 (0.62–1.26) |