Table 4 Odds ratios for beverage consumption according to smoking status, adjusted for age and education (women).
From: Smoking, alcohol, and dietary choices: evidence from the Portuguese National Health Survey
Non-drinkers | Drinkers (< median) vs. Non-drinkers | Drinkers (> median) vs. Non-drinkers | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | OR | 95%CI | p trend | n (%) | OR | 95%CI | p trend | |
Milk | |||||||||
Non-smokers | 3731 (91.7) | 6122 (90.3) | 1 | [reference] | 5255 (89.3) | 1 | [reference] | ||
1–9 cig/day | 88 (2.2) | 191 (2.8) | 1.16 | 0.89–1.50 | 167 (2.8) | 1.15 | 0.88–1.50 | ||
10–19 cig/day | 96 (2.4) | 213 (3.1) | 1.16 | 0.90–1.48 | 243 (4.1) | 1.49 | 1.17–1.91 | ||
20 cig/day | 115 (2.8) | 196 (2.9) | 0.90 | 0.71–1.14 | 173 (2.9) | 0.90 | 0.70–1.15 | ||
>20 cig/day | 40 (1.0) | 58 (0.9) | 0.72 | 0.48–1.09 | 0.322 | 49 (0.8) | 0.66 | 0.43–1.01 | 0.798 |
Wine | |||||||||
Non-smokers | 11293 (90.9) | 3337 (88.5) | 1 | [reference] | 479 (89.2) | 1 | [reference] | ||
1–9 cig/day | 319 (2.6) | 118 (3.1) | 1.45 | 1.16–1.81 | 9 (1.7) | 1.01 | 0.51–2.00 | ||
10–19 cig/day | 386 (3.1) | 144 (3.8) | 1.44 | 1.18–1.76 | 20 (3.7) | 1.93 | 1.19–3.11 | ||
20 cig/day | 330 (2.7) | 134 (3.6) | 1.54 | 1.24–1.90 | 18 (3.4) | 2.00 | 1.21–3.30 | ||
>20 cig/day | 95 (0.8) | 38 (1.0) | 1.34 | 0.91–1.97 | <0.001 | 11 (2.0) | 3.97 | 2.07–7.61 | <0.001 |
Beer | |||||||||
Non-smokers | 14536 (91.5) | 525 (72.3) | 1 | [reference] | 58 (47.9) | 1 | [reference] | ||
1–9 cig/day | 384 (2.4) | 48 (6.6) | 2.45 | 1.78–3.37 | 14 (11.6) | 6.52 | 3.54–12.0 | ||
10–19 cig/day | 479 (3.0) | 59 (8.1) | 2.30 | 1.72–3.08 | 10 (8.3) | 3.63 | 1.81–7.28 | ||
20 cig/day | 382 (2.4) | 73 (10.1) | 3.67 | 2.79–4.81 | 25 (20.7) | 11.6 | 7.01–19.1 | ||
>20 cig/day | 108 (0.7) | 21 (2.9) | 3.67 | 2.26–5.95 | <0.001 | 14 (11.6) | 23.1 | 12.2–43.6 | <0.001 |
Brandy * | |||||||||
Non-smokers | 15117 (90.4) | 32 (68.1) | 1 | [reference] | |||||
1–9 cig/day | 444 (2.7) | 3 (6.4) | 4.76 | 1.38–16.4 | |||||
10–19 cig/day | 549 (3.3) | 3 (6.4) | 4.05 | 1.16–14.2 | |||||
20 cig/day | 476 (2.9) | 6 (12.8) | 8.42 | 3.27–21.7 | |||||
>20 cig/day | 144 (0.9) | 3 (6.4) | 13.2 | 3.72–46.6 | <0.001 | ||||
Whisky | |||||||||
Non-smokers | 15037 (90.8) | 83 (57.6) | 1 | [reference] | 23 (43.4) | 1 | [reference] | ||
1–9 cig/day | 431 (2.6) | 11 (7.6) | 3.33 | 1.73–6.39 | 4 (7.6) | 4.83 | 1.61–14.4 | ||
10–19 cig/day | 526 (3.2) | 18 (12.5) | 4.17 | 2.43–7.15 | 7 (13.2) | 6.71 | 2.74–16.4 | ||
20 cig/day | 452 (2.7) | 20 (13.9) | 5.45 | 3.24–9.15 | 8 (15.1) | 9.08 | 3.87–21.3 | ||
>20 cig/day | 121 (0.7) | 12 (8.3) | 10.8 | 5.62–20.9 | <0.001 | 11 (20.8) | 41.4 | 18.5–92.5 | <0.001 |
Port wine | |||||||||
Non-smokers | 14836 (90.6) | 207 (77,5) | 1 | [reference] | 57 (80,3) | 1 | [reference] | ||
1–9 cig/day | 426 (2.6) | 17 (6.4) | 2.13 | 1.28–3.57 | 3 (4.2) | 1.45 | 0.44–4.72 | ||
10–19 cig/day | 535 (3.3) | 13 (4.9) | 1.21 | 0.68–2.16 | 4 (5.6) | 1.48 | 0.52–4.19 | ||
20 cig/day | 453 (2.8) | 23 (8.6) | 2.60 | 1.66–4.09 | 5 (7.0) | 2.23 | 0.87–5.70 | ||
>20 cig/day | 135 (0.8) | 7 (2.6) | 2.42 | 1.11–5.28 | <0.001 | 2 (2.8) | 2.85 | 0.68–12.1 | 0.030 |