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Table 1 Baseline vaccine effectiveness and efficacy of TIV with upper and lower limits, by target group

From: Annual public health and economic benefits of seasonal influenza vaccination: a European estimate

Vaccination target group

Baseline vaccine effectiveness (%)

Lower limit of vaccine effectiveness (%)

Upper limit of vaccine effectiveness (%)

Baseline vaccine efficacy (%)

Lower limit of vaccine efficacy (%)

Upper limit of vaccine efficacy (%)

RCTs used for efficacy

6 – 23 months

59 [30]

19.4 [32]

65.7 [31]

45 [33]

25

65

2 studies, 786 recruits (525 vaccinated 261 placebo)

Healthy, 2–64 years (health care workers and pregnant women)

51 [30]

41.3 [31]

63.3 [32]

61 [34]

48

70

17 studies 31,325 recruits (16,213 vaccinated 15,112 placebo)

Underlying chronic conditions, 2–64 yrs

51 [30]

41.3 [31]

63.3 [32]

61 [34]

48

70

17 studies 31,325 recruits (16,213 vaccinated 15,112 placebo)

Elderly

39 [30]

15.1 [32]

59.9 [31]

58 [35]

34

73

3 studies, 2217 recruits (1,110 vaccinated 1,107 placebo)