Adherence of pregnant women to Nordic dietary guidelines in relation to postpartum weight retention: results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

Table 4 Adherence to Norwegian food guidelines or NNR (measured by the HEI) and postpartum weight retention

	β-coefficient¹	SE	pvalue	Adjusted R²of the model
Postpartum weight retention ²
HEI-NFG per standard deviation	-0.058	0.024	0.017	0.058
HEI-NNR per standard deviation	0.014	0.024	0.570	0.058
Postpartum weight retention ² , additionally adjusted for gestational weight gain (GWG)
HEI-NFG per standard deviation	-0.034	0.020	0.094	0.314
HEI-NNR per standard deviation	-0.074	0.020	0.0003	0.315
GWG as intermediate outcome ³
HEI-NFG per standard deviation	-0.062	0.029	0.033	0.115
HEI-NNR per standard deviation	0.196	0.029	< 0.0001	0.116

Abbreviations: HEI Healthy Eating Index, NFG Norwegian Food Guidelines, NNR Nordic Nutrition Recommendations, SE Standard Error.
¹Units = kg per HEI-score standard deviation ( = 7.31 for HEI-NFG, 2.54 for HEI-NNR).
²Linear regression model, adjusted for maternal age, maternal education, household income, marital status, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, weight of the child at birth, breastfeeding duration up to 6 months postpartum, total energy intake (kcal), exercise during pregnancy (week 15), smoking during pregnancy, alcohol intake during pregnancy (week 22).
³Analogous model but without adjustment for breastfeeding duration.

ISSN: 1471-2458