Table 4 Factors which are associated with willingness to join community based health insurances in Debub Bench, 2013
Variables | Freq (%) | WTJ | P-value | Crude OR | Adjusted OR [95% CI] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (%) | No (%) | |||||
Demographic variables | ||||||
Age | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .000 | 1.035 | .943 [.914, .974] | |
Relationship | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .007 | ||
Head* | 654 (80.9) | 519 (79) | 135 (21) | |||
Spouse | 132 (16.3) | 97 (73) | 35 (27) | .042 | .721 | .410 [.174, .967] |
Others | 22 (2.7) | 13 (59) | 9 (41) | .015 | .376 | 18.523 [1.762, 194.6] |
Religion† | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .869 | ||
Protestant* | 550 (68.1) | 431 (78) | 119 (22) | |||
Orthodox | 199 (24.6) | 160 (80) | 39 (20) | .936 | 1.133 | .965 [.410, 2.275] |
Muslim | 41 (5.1) | 24 (58) | 17 (42) | .957 | .390 | 1.042 [.233, 4.650] |
Others | 18 (2.2) | 14 (78) | 4 (22) | .406 | .996 | 2.056 [.375, 11.262] |
Marital status | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .019 | ||
Monogamous* | 573 (70.9) | 458 (80) | 115 (20) | |||
Polygamous | 101(12.5) | 84 (83) | 17 (17) | .061 | 1.241 | .409 [.160, 1.043] |
Single | 55 (6.8) | 25 (45) | 30 (55) | .002 | .209 | .123 [.032, .474] |
Widowers | 24 (3.0) | 19 (79) | 5 (21) | .996 | .954 | .996 [.171, 5.814] |
Divorced | 55 (6.8) | 43 (78) | 12 (22) | .929 | .900 | .950 [.304, 2.971] |
Occupations | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .000 | ||
Farmers* | 615 (76.1) | 501 (81) | 114 (19) | |||
Housewives | 113 (14.0) | 87 (77) | 26 (23) | .000 | .761 | 11.917 [4.017, 35.357] |
Merchants | 36 (4.5) | 19 (53) | 17 (47) | .769 | .254 | .821 [.221, 3.046] |
Students | 30 (3.7) | 14 (47) | 16 (53) | .443 | .199 | .521 [.098, 2.760] |
Others | 14 (1.7) | 8 (57) | 6 (43) | .025 | .303 | .088 [.011, .738] |
Ethnicity | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .000 | ||
Bench* | 519 (64.2) | 404 (78) | 115 (22) | |||
Amhara | 116 (14.4) | 88 (76) | 28 (24) | .341 | .895 | 1.557 [.626, 3.875] |
Kaffa | 64 (8.0) | 41 (64) | 23 (36) | .000 | .507 | .184 [.072, .468] |
Others | 109 (13.5) | 96 (88) | 13 (12) | .004 | 2.102 | 5.306 [1.682, 16.733] |
Total family size | .000 | 1.691 [1.363, 2.099] | ||||
Socioeconomic variables | ||||||
Educational-status | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .001 | ||
No education* | 388 (48.0) | 316 (81) | 72 (19) | |||
Read & write only | 221 (27.3) | 176 (80) | 45 (20) | .045 | .891 | 2.134 [1.017, 4.479] |
Grade 1-8 | 178 (22.0) | 124 (70) | 54 (30) | .007 | .523 | .321 [.140, .738] |
Sec and above | 21 (2.6) | 13 (62) | 8 (38) | .864 | .370 | 1.205 [.143, 10.161] |
Wealth quintile | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .002 | ||
Low wealth quintile | 70 (8.7) | 48 (69) | 22 (31) | .451 | .778 | 1.559 [.492, 4.938] |
Second wealth quintile* | 255 (31.6) | 188 (74) | 67 (26) | |||
Middle wealth quintile | 164 (20.3) | 124 (76) | 40 (24) | .082 | 1.105 | .481 [.211, 1.097] |
Fourth wealth quintile | 125 (15.5) | 94 (75) | 31 (25) | .375 | 1.081 | .672 [.279, 1.618] |
Highest wealth quintile | 194 (24.0) | 175 (90) | 19 (10) | .003 | 3.282 | 4.203 [1.616,10.931] |
Annual income | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .003 | ||
Less than 1100 birr | 198 (24.5) | 133 (67) | 65 (33) | .008 | .470 | .475 [.274, .823] |
1100-4300 birr* | 409 (50.6) | 326 (80) | 83 (20) | |||
More than 4300 birr | 201 (24.9) | 170 (85) | 31 (15) | .180 | 1.768 | 1.500 [.830, 2.712] |
Participation in risk sharing organizations | ||||||
No. of risky to become ill† | .887 | 1.322 | .980 [.780, 1.300] | |||
Iddir participation | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | |||
Yes* | 747 (92.5) | 603 (81) | 144 (19) | |||
No | 61 (7.5) | 26 (43) | 35 (57) | .139 | .427 [.138, 1.320] | |
Social capital | ||||||
Indiv level hor trust | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .000 | ||
Low | 233 (28.8) | 144 (62) | 89 (38) | .000 | .339 | .064 [.025, .165] |
Middle* | 456 (56.4) | 377 (83) | 79 (17) | |||
High | 119 (14.7) | 108 (91) | 11 (9) | .238 | 2.057 | 2.284 [.580, 9.000] |
Indiv level reciprocity | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .050 | ||
Low | 222 (27.5) | 136 (61) | 86 (39) | .952 | .341 | .975 [.435, 2.187] |
Middle* | 451 (55.8) | 371 (82) | 80 (18) | |||
High | 135 (16.7) | 122 (90) | 13 (10) | .015 | 2.024 | 4.959 [1.362, 18.052] |
Commun level hor trust | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | |||
High | 158 (19.6) | 146 (92) | 12 (8) | .000 | 4.207 | 25.233 [6.355, 100.195] |
Low* | 650 (80.4) | 483 (74) | 167 (26) | |||
Health and health related variables | ||||||
Health status of the HH | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .000 | . | |
Very poora | 50 (6.2) | 48 (96) | 2 (4) | .996 | 4.546 | |
Poor | 166 (20.5) | 145 (87) | 21 (13) | .456 | 1.308 | 1.391 [.584, 3.315] |
Medium* | 270 (33.4) | 227 (84) | 43 (16) | |||
High | 224 (27.8) | 159 (71) | 65 (29) | .012 | .463 | .381 [.179, .811] |
Very high | 98 (12.1) | 50 (51) | 48 (49) | .000 | .197 | .165 [.068, .402] |
Member with chronic illness† | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | |||
Yes | 61 (7.5) | 57 (93) | 4 (7) | .476 | 4.360 | 1.563 [.458, 5.337] |
No* | 747 (92.5) | 572 (77) | 175 (23) | |||
Illness in prev 3 months† | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | |||
No* | 558 (69.0) | 404 (72) | 154 (28) | |||
Yes | 250 (31.0) | 225 (90) | 25 (10) | .817 | 3.431 | 1.182 [.287, 4.869] |
Seeking medical treatment† | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | |||
Yes* | 231(28.6) | 212 (92) | 19 (8) | |||
No | 577 (71.4) | 417 (72) | 160 (28) | .231 | 0.194 | 6.338 [.308, 130.434] |
Borrow for treatment | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | |||
No* | 530 (65.6) | 381 (72) | 149 (28) | |||
Yes | 278 (34.4) | 248 (89) | 30 (11) | .004 | 3.233 | 2.836 [1.403, 5.730] |
Time to HF (in minutes) | 808 (100) | 629 (78) | 179 (22) | .001 | .991 | .983 [.973, .992] |
Constant | .340 | 2.355 | ||||