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Table 2 Odds of low health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with undetected and diagnosed celiac disease (CD) compared with children without CD

From: Health-related quality of life is not impaired in children with undetected as well as diagnosed celiac disease: a large population based cross-sectional study

HRQoL1

Low HRQoL

Crude

Adjusted

 

n (%)2

OR (95% CI)3

OR (95% CI)4

Physical well-being

   

Without CD 5

3491 (29.6)

1

1

Undetected CD 6

66 (28.3)

0.94 (0.71-1.26)

0.93 (0.69-1.27)

Diagnosed CD 7

30 (33.7)

1.21 (0.78-1.88)

1.29 (0.81-2.06)

Psychological well-being

   

Without CD

3501 (29.7)

1

1

Undetected CD

69 (29.6)

0.99 (0.75-1.32)

0.98 (0.73-1.34)

Diagnosed CD

28 (31.5)

1.09 (0.69-1.70)

1.14 (0.71-1.82)

Moods and emotions

   

Without CD

3169 (26.8)

1

1

Undetected CD

58 (25.0)

0.91 (0.67-1.23)

0.85 (0.62-1.18)

Diagnosed CD

24 (26.7)

0.99 (0.62-1.59)

1.0 (0.61-1.65)

Self-perception

   

Without CD

3372 (28.2)

1

1

Undetected CD

60 (25.5)

0.87 (0.65-1.17)

0.79 (0.58-1.09)

Diagnosed CD

32 (35.6)

1.41 (0.91-2.17)

1.15 (0.72-1.86)

Autonomy

   

Without CD

3015 (25.2)

1

1

Undetected CD

49 (20.7)

0.77 (0.56-1.06)

0.74 (0.53-1.03)

Diagnosed CD

22 (24.7)

0.97 (0.60-1.58)

0.96 (0.57-1.60)

Parent relation and home life

   

Without CD

2469 (20.8)

1

1

Undetected CD

45 (19.2)

0.91 (0.65-1.26)

0.85 (0.60-1.21)

Diagnosed CD

16 (18.0)

0.83 (0.49-1.44)

0.92 (0.52-1.60)

Financial resources

   

Without CD

4048 (34.8)

1

1

Undetected CD

75 (33.0)

0.92 (0.70-1.22)

0.84 (0.63-1.13)

Diagnosed CD

31 (35.2)

1.02 (0.66-1.58)

0.94 (0.59-1.51)

Social support and peers

   

Without CD

2403 (20.2)

1

1

Undetected CD

41 (17.4)

0.83 (0.59-1.17)

0.92 (0.65-1.30)

Diagnosed CD

19 (21.1)

1.06 (0.64-1.76)

1.30 (0.77-2.19)

School environment

   

Without CD

2527 (21.9)

1

1

Undetected CD

44 (19.0)

0.84 (0.61-1.17)

0.84 (0.59-1.20)

Diagnosed CD

24 (27.6)

1.36 (0.85-2.17)

1.30 (0.77-2.18)

Social acceptance (bullying)

   

Without CD

2499 (21.7)

1

1

Undetected CD

52 (22.6)

1.05 (0.77-1.44)

1.06 (0.76-1.47)

Diagnosed CD

14 (16.1)

0.69 (0.39-1.23)

0.72 (0.39-1.31)

  1. 1HRQoL was assessed using the Kidscreen-52 instrument.
  2. 2Low HRQoL was defined as the children reporting a score in the lowest quartile. Number and proportion of children reporting low HRQoL, excluding internal non-response for each respective subdomain.
  3. 3Univariate logistic regression giving the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).
  4. 4Multivariate logistic regression model including sex, phase of the study, geographical area, and presence of gastrointestinal symptoms.
  5. 5Children with normal serological markers (N = 12 037).
  6. 6At the collection of the HRQoL data CD was undetected (N = 238), later diagnosed through screening.
  7. 7CD diagnosed through routine clinical care prior to the study (N = 90).
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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